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One of the things that need to change when it comes to machine translation is the models' ability to translate code-switching content, especially with the rise of social media and user-generated content. In this paper, we are proposing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mohamed Anwar

Code-mixed texts are widespread nowadays due to the advent of social media. Since these texts combine two languages to formulate a sentence, it gives rise to various research problems related to Natural Language Processing. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Tathagata Raha , Sainik Kumar Mahata , Dipankar Das , Sivaji Bandyopadhyay

In recent years, substantial work has been done on language tagging of code-mixed data, but most of them use large amounts of data to build their models. In this article, we present three strategies to build a word level language tagger for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Soumil Mandal , Sankalp Sanand

Recently, large pre-trained multilingual speech models have shown potential in scaling Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) to many low-resource languages. Some of these models employ language adapters in their formulation, which helps to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Atharva Kulkarni , Ajinkya Kulkarni , Miguel Couceiro , Hanan Aldarmaki

Text-to-speech (TTS) systems are an important component in voice-based e-commerce applications. These applications include end-to-end voice assistant and customer experience (CX) voice bot. Code-mixed TTS is also relevant in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Raviraj Joshi , Nikesh Garera

Natural language processing (NLP) techniques have become mainstream in the recent decade. Most of these advances are attributed to the processing of a single language. More recently, with the extensive growth of social media platforms focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Ramchandra Joshi , Raviraj Joshi

The tremendous amount of user generated data through social networking sites led to the gaining popularity of automatic text classification in the field of computational linguistics over the past decade. Within this domain, one problem that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Ankush Khandelwal , Sahil Swami , Syed S. Akhtar , Manish Shrivastava

We address fine-grained multilingual language identification: providing a language code for every token in a sentence, including codemixed text containing multiple languages. Such text is prevalent online, in documents, social media, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Yuan Zhang , Jason Riesa , Daniel Gillick , Anton Bakalov , Jason Baldridge , David Weiss

Code-mixing is the phenomenon of using multiple languages in the same utterance of a text or speech. It is a frequently used pattern of communication on various platforms such as social media sites, online gaming, product reviews, etc.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Vivek Srivastava , Mayank Singh

Discourse parsing is an important task useful for NLU applications such as summarization, machine comprehension, and emotion recognition. The current discourse parsing datasets based on conversations consists of written English dialogues…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Divyaksh Shukla , Ritesh Baviskar , Dwijesh Gohil , Aniket Tiwari , Atul Shree , Ashutosh Modi

Code-mixing, the integration of lexical and grammatical elements from multiple languages within a single sentence, is a widespread linguistic phenomenon, particularly prevalent in multilingual societies. In India, social media users…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Aniket Deroy , Subhankar Maity

Code-mixing is a phenomenon which arises mainly in multilingual societies. Multilingual people, who are well versed in their native languages and also English speakers, tend to code-mix using English-based phonetic typing and the insertion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Avishek Garain , Sainik Kumar Mahata , Dipankar Das

Multilingual encoder-based language models are widely adopted for code-mixed analysis tasks, yet we know surprisingly little about how they represent code-mixed inputs internally - or whether those representations meaningfully connect to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Debajyoti Mazumder , Divyansh Pathak , Prashant Kodali , Jasabanta Patro

As the NLP community increasingly addresses challenges associated with multilingualism, robust annotation tools are essential to handle multilingual datasets efficiently. In this paper, we introduce a code-mixed multilingual text annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Rajvee Sheth , Shubh Nisar , Heenaben Prajapati , Himanshu Beniwal , Mayank Singh

The performance of a text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis model depends on various factors, of which the quality of the training data is of utmost importance. Millions of data are collected around the globe for various languages, but resources…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Sujitha Sathiyamoorthy , N Mohana , Anusha Prakash , Hema A Murthy

Nowadays, the interest in code-mixing has become ubiquitous in Natural Language Processing (NLP); however, not much attention has been given to address this phenomenon for Speech Translation (ST) task. This can be solely attributed to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Jivnesh Sandhan , Ayush Daksh , Om Adideva Paranjay , Laxmidhar Behera , Pawan Goyal

Treebanks are important linguistic resources, which are structured and annotated corpora with rich linguistic annotations. These resources are used in Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, supporting linguistic analyses, and are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran

Analysing multilingual social media discourse remains a major challenge in natural language processing, particularly when large-scale public debates span across diverse languages. This study investigates how different approaches for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Deepak Uniyal , Md Abul Bashar , Richi Nayak

Code-mixing is a well-studied linguistic phenomenon when two or more languages are mixed in text or speech. Several datasets have been build with the goal of training computational models for code-mixing. Although it is very common to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Md Nishat Raihan , Dhiman Goswami , Antara Mahmud , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Marcos Zampieri

The widespread availability of code-mixed data can provide valuable insights into low-resource languages like Bengali, which have limited datasets. Sentiment analysis has been a fundamental text classification task across several languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Sadia Alam , Md Farhan Ishmam , Navid Hasin Alvee , Md Shahnewaz Siddique , Md Azam Hossain , Abu Raihan Mostofa Kamal