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The impressive pace of advance of quantum technology calls for robust and scalable techniques for the characterization and validation of quantum hardware. Quantum process tomography, the reconstruction of an unknown quantum channel from…

Near-term large quantum computers are not able to operate as a single processing unit. It is therefore required to partition a quantum circuit into smaller parts, and then each part is executed on a small unit. This approach is known as…

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ), executing quantum algorithms on actual quantum devices faces unique challenges. One such challenge is that quantum devices in this era have restricted connectivity: quantum gates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Yao Tang

We present and compare two methods of generating quantum feature maps for quantum-enhanced support vector machine, a classifier based on kernel method, by which we can access high dimensional Hilbert space efficiently. The first method is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-27 Bang-Shien Chen , Jann-Long Chern

Finding gradients is a crucial step in training machine learning models. For quantum neural networks, computing gradients using the parameter-shift rule requires calculating the cost function twice for each adjustable parameter in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Guang Ping He

At the moment, quantum circuits are created mainly by manually placing logic elements on lines that symbolize quantum bits. The purpose of creating Quantum Circuit Synthesizer "Naginata" was due to the fact that even with a slight increase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-22 Cesar Borisovich Pronin , Andrey Vladimirovich Ostroukh

Compiling quantum circuits to account for hardware restrictions is an essential part of the quantum computing stack. Circuit compilation allows us to adapt algorithm descriptions into a sequence of operations supported by real quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Alejandro Villoria , Henning Basold , Alfons Laarman

Efficient quantum circuit optimization schemes are central to quantum simulation of strongly interacting quantum many body systems. Here, we present an optimization algorithm which combines machine learning techniques and tensor network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-23 David Rogerson , Ananda Roy

We propose the generalized controlled X (GCX) gate as the two-qudit elementary gate, and based on Cartan decomposition, we also give the one-qudit elementary gates. Then we discuss the physical implementation of these elementary gates and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Yao-Min Di , Hai-Rui Wei

Construction of explicit quantum circuits follows the notion of the "standard circuit model" introduced in the solid and profound analysis of elementary gates providing quantum computation. Nevertheless the model is not always optimal (e.g.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Ch. Chatzisavvas , C. Daskaloyannis , C. P. Panos

Quantum compiling aims to construct a quantum circuit V by quantum gates drawn from a native gate alphabet, which is functionally equivalent to the target unitary U. It is a crucial stage for the running of quantum algorithms on noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 Zhimin He , Lvzhou Li , Shenggen Zheng , Yongyao Li , Haozhen Situ

This paper proposes a new optimized quantum block-ZXZ decomposition method [7,8,10] that results in more optimal quantum circuits than the quantum Shannon decomposition (QSD)[27], which was introduced in 2006 by Shende et al. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Anna M. Krol , Zaid Al-Ars

Quantum and classical machine learning have been naturally connected through kernel methods, which have also served as proof-of-concept for quantum advantage. Quantum embeddings encode classical data into quantum feature states, enabling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Pablo Rodriguez-Grasa , Yue Ban , Mikel Sanz

Existing quantum systems provide very limited physical qubit counts, trying to execute a quantum algorithm/circuit on them that have a higher number of logical qubits than physically available lead to a compile-time error. Given that it is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Movahhed Sadeghi , Soheil Khadirsharbiyani , Mahmut Taylan Kandemir

At its core, Quantum Mechanics is a theory developed to describe fundamental observations in the spectroscopy of solids and gases. Despite these practical roots, however, quantum theory is infamous for being highly counterintuitive, largely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-20 Emmanuel Flurin , Leigh S. Martin , Shay Hacohen-Gourgy , Irfan Siddiqi

The ability to efficiently simulate random quantum circuits using a classical computer is increasingly important for developing Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum devices. Here we present a tensor network states based algorithm specifically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Chu Guo , Youwei Zhao , He-Liang Huang

Quantum data loading plays a central role in quantum algorithms and quantum information processing. Many quantum algorithms hinge on the ability to prepare arbitrary superposition states as a subroutine, with claims of exponential speedups…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Chun-Tse Li , Hao-Chung Cheng

Artificial neural networks are becoming an integral part of digital solutions to complex problems. However, employing neural networks on quantum processors faces challenges related to the implementation of non-linear functions using quantum…

We explicitly construct a quantum circuit which exactly generates random three-qubit states. The optimal circuit consists of three CNOT gates and fifteen single qubit elementary rotations, parametrized by fourteen independent angles. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-10 Olivier Giraud , Marko Znidaric , Bertrand Georgeot

Recently, it is shown that quantum computers can be used for obtaining certain information about the solution of a linear system Ax=b exponentially faster than what is possible with classical computation. Here we first review some key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Yudong Cao , Anmer Daskin , Steven Frankel , Sabre Kais