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We present an asymptotic criterion to determine the optimal number of clusters in k-means. We consider k-means as data compression, and propose to adopt the number of clusters that minimizes the estimated description length after…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-02 Hiromitsu Mizutani , Ryota Kanai

The $k$-Means clustering problem on $n$ points is NP-Hard for any dimension $d\ge 2$, however, for the 1D case there exists exact polynomial time algorithms. Previous literature reported an $O(kn^2)$ time dynamic programming algorithm that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Allan Grønlund , Kasper Green Larsen , Alexander Mathiasen , Jesper Sindahl Nielsen , Stefan Schneider , Mingzhou Song

Information-maximization clustering learns a probabilistic classifier in an unsupervised manner so that mutual information between feature vectors and cluster assignments is maximized. A notable advantage of this approach is that it only…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-12-06 Masashi Sugiyama , Makoto Yamada , Manabu Kimura , Hirotaka Hachiya

Clustering approaches that utilize convex loss functions have recently attracted growing interest in the formation of compact data clusters. Although classical methods like k-means and its wide family of variants are still widely used, all…

Clustering is an unsupervised learning method that constitutes a cornerstone of an intelligent data analysis process. It is used for the exploration of inter-relationships among a collection of patterns, by organizing them into homogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-04-13 G. Nathiya , S. C. Punitha , M. Punithavalli

The metric $k$-median problem is a textbook clustering problem. As input, we are given a metric space $V$ of size $n$ and an integer $k$, and our task is to find a subset $S \subseteq V$ of at most $k$ `centers' that minimizes the total…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Martín Costa , Ermiya Farokhnejad

Recent spectral clustering methods are a propular and powerful technique for data clustering. These methods need to solve the eigenproblem whose computational complexity is $O(n^3)$, where $n$ is the number of data samples. In this paper, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-11-26 Chunjing Xu , Jianzhuang Liu , Xiaoou Tang

There has been considerable work on improving popular clustering algorithm `K-means' in terms of mean squared error (MSE) and speed, both. However, most of the k-means variants tend to compute distance of each data point to each cluster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Siddhesh Khandelwal , Amit Awekar

Center-based clustering algorithms (e.g., K-means) are popular for clustering tasks, but they usually struggle to achieve high accuracy on complex datasets. We believe the main reason is that traditional center-based clustering algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Qi Li

The input to the \emph{sets-$k$-means} problem is an integer $k\geq 1$ and a set $\mathcal{P}=\{P_1,\cdots,P_n\}$ of sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$. The goal is to compute a set $C$ of $k$ centers (points) in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that minimizes the sum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Ibrahim Jubran , Murad Tukan , Alaa Maalouf , Dan Feldman

Metric $k$-center clustering is a fundamental unsupervised learning primitive. Although widely used, this primitive is heavily affected by noise in the data, so that a more sensible variant seeks for the best solution that disregards a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Paolo Pellizzoni , Andrea Pietracaprina , Geppino Pucci

We study the problem of online clustering where a clustering algorithm has to assign a new point that arrives to one of $k$ clusters. The specific formulation we use is the $k$-means objective: At each time step the algorithm has to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Benjamin Guedj , Varun Kanade , Guy Rom

This paper introduces a novel K-means clustering algorithm, an advancement on the conventional Big-means methodology. The proposed method efficiently integrates parallel processing, stochastic sampling, and competitive optimization to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Rustam Mussabayev , Ravil Mussabayev

In the Max-k-diameter problem, we are given a set of points in a metric space, and the goal is to partition the input points into k parts such that the maximum pairwise distance between points in the same part of the partition is minimized.…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Henry Fleischmann , Kyrylo Karlov , Karthik C. S. , Ashwin Padaki , Stepan Zharkov

We study two generalizations of classic clustering problems called dynamic ordered $k$-median and dynamic $k$-supplier, where the points that need clustering evolve over time, and we are allowed to move the cluster centers between…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Shichuan Deng , Jian Li , Yuval Rabani

Clustering methods are often used in physics education research (PER) to identify subgroups of individuals within a population who share similar response patterns or characteristics. K-means (or k-modes, for categorical data) is one of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Minghui Wang , Meagan Sundstrom , Karen Nylund-Gibson , Marsha Ing

This paper presents a practical global optimization algorithm for the K-center clustering problem, which aims to select K samples as the cluster centers to minimize the maximum within-cluster distance. This algorithm is based on a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Jiayang Ren , Ningning You , Kaixun Hua , Chaojie Ji , Yankai Cao

This paper presents universal algorithms for clustering problems, including the widely studied $k$-median, $k$-means, and $k$-center objectives. The input is a metric space containing all potential client locations. The algorithm must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Arun Ganesh , Bruce M. Maggs , Debmalya Panigrahi

We propose k^2-means, a new clustering method which efficiently copes with large numbers of clusters and achieves low energy solutions. k^2-means builds upon the standard k-means (Lloyd's algorithm) and combines a new strategy to accelerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-31 Eirikur Agustsson , Radu Timofte , Luc Van Gool

We study the $k$-median with discounts problem, wherein we are given clients with non-negative discounts and seek to open at most $k$ facilities. The goal is to minimize the sum of distances from each client to its nearest open facility…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Shichuan Deng