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For a graph $G$, let $\lambda_2(G)$ denote its second smallest Laplacian eigenvalue. It was conjectured that $\lambda_2(G) + \lambda_2(\overline G) \ge 1$, where $\overline G$ is the complement of $G$. In this paper, it is shown that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-19 B. Afshari , S. Akbari , M. J. Moghaddamzadeh , B. Mohar

Our understanding of the dynamics of complex networked systems has increased significantly in the last two decades. However, most of our knowledge is built upon assuming pairwise relations among the system's components. This is often an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-04-15 Guilherme Ferraz de Arruda , Giovanni Petri , Yamir Moreno

The ongoing need for effective epidemic modeling has driven advancements in capturing the complex dynamics of infectious diseases. Traditional models, such as Susceptible-Infected-Recovered, and graph-based approaches often fail to account…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Songyuan Liu , Shengbo Gong , Tianning Feng , Zewen Liu , Max S. Y. Lau , Wei Jin

We produce a complete descrption of the lattice of gauge-invariant ideals in $C^*(\Lambda)$ for a finitely aligned $k$-graph $\Lambda$. We provide a condition on $\Lambda$ under which every ideal is gauge-invariant. We give conditions on…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aidan Sims

We present a memory-augmented approach to condition an autoregressive language model on a knowledge graph. We represent the graph as a collection of relation triples and retrieve relevant relations for a given context to improve text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Qi Liu , Dani Yogatama , Phil Blunsom

This is a companion report for the OOPSLA 2023 paper of the same title, presenting a detailed end-to-end account of the $\lambda^*_{\mathsf{G}}$ graph IR, at a level of detail beyond a regular conference paper. Our first concern is adequacy…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Oliver Bračevac , Guannan Wei , Songlin Jia , Supun Abeysinghe , Yuxuan Jiang , Yuyan Bao , Tiark Rompf

In this monograph we undertake a comprehensive study of separable representations (as well as their unitary equivalence classes) of $C^*$-algebras associated to strongly connected finite $k$-graphs $\Lambda$. We begin with the…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2017-09-05 Carla Farsi , Elizabeth Gillaspy , Palle Jorgensen , Sooran Kang , Judith Packer

We appeal to results from combinatorial random matrix theory to deduce that various random graph $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebras are asymptotically almost surely Kirchberg algebras with trivial $K_1$. This in particular implies that, with high…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Bhishan Jacelon , Igor Khavkine

We introduce RelNet: a new model for relational reasoning. RelNet is a memory augmented neural network which models entities as abstract memory slots and is equipped with an additional relational memory which models relations between all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Trapit Bansal , Arvind Neelakantan , Andrew McCallum

Many real-world phenomena are naturally modeled by graphs and networks. However, classical graph models are often limited to pairwise interactions and may not adequately capture the richer structures that arise in practice. Higher-order…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Takaaki Fujita , Florentin Smarandache

Hypergraphs have seen widespread application in network and data science communities in recent years. We present a survey of recent work to construct auxiliary structures from hypergraphs -- specifically simplicial, relative, and chain…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Ellen Gasparovic , Emilie Purvine , Radmila Sazdanovic , Bei Wang , Yusu Wang , Lori Ziegelmeier

Higher-order interactions provide a nuanced understanding of the relational structure of complex systems beyond traditional pairwise interactions. However, higher-order network analyses also incur more cumbersome interpretations and greater…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-07 Alec Kirkley , Helcio Felippe , Federico Battiston

Knowledge graphs are widely used as a typical resource to provide answers to factoid questions. In simple question answering over knowledge graphs, relation extraction aims to predict the relation of a factoid question from a set of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Amin Abolghasemi , Saeedeh Momtazi

The increasing prevalence of relational data describing interactions among a target population has motivated a wide literature on statistical network analysis. In many applications, interactions may involve more than two members of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-03 Kathryn Turnbull , Simón Lunagómez , Christopher Nemeth , Edoardo Airoldi

We introduce a graphical refutation calculus for relational inclusions: it reduces establishing a relational inclusion to establishing that a graph constructed from it has empty extension. This sound and complete calculus is conceptually…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-03-29 Paulo A. S. Veloso , Sheila R. M. Veloso

Word-representable graphs, characterized by the existence of a semi-transitive orientation, form a well-studied class of graphs. Comparability graphs form another well-studied class and constitute a subclass of word-representable graphs.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Benny George Kenkireth , Gopalan Sajith , Sreyas Sasidharan

We present a categorical framework for relating causal models that represent the same system at different levels of abstraction. We define a causal abstraction as natural transformations between appropriate Markov functors, which concisely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-07 Markus Englberger , Devendra Singh Dhami

Latent factor models are increasingly popular for modeling multi-relational knowledge graphs. By their vectorial nature, it is not only hard to interpret why this class of models works so well, but also to understand where they fail and how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Théo Trouillon , Éric Gaussier , Christopher R. Dance , Guillaume Bouchard

The lambda-calculus is a peculiar computational model whose definition does not come with a notion of machine. Unsurprisingly, implementations of the lambda-calculus have been studied for decades. Abstract machines are implementations…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-01-04 Beniamino Accattoli

We develop random graph models where graphs are generated by connecting not only pairs of vertices by edges but also larger subsets of vertices by copies of small atomic subgraphs of arbitrary topology. This allows the for the generation of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Anatol E. Wegner , Sofia Olhede
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