Related papers: Hofstadter Butterfly Evolution in the Space of Two…
Recent advances in realizing artificial gauge fields on optical lattices promise experimental detection of topologically non-trivial energy spectra. Self-similar fractal energy structures generally known as Hofstadter butterflies depend…
Hofstadter's butterfly, the predicted energy spectrum for non-interacting electrons confined to a two-dimensional lattice in a magnetic field, is one of the most remarkable fractal structures in nature. At rational ratios of magnetic flux…
We study an energy spectrum of electron moving under the constant magnetic field in two dimensional noncommutative space. It take place with the gauge invariant way. The Hofstadter butterfly diagram of the noncommutative space is calculated…
Electrons moving through a spatially periodic lattice potential develop a quantized energy spectrum consisting of discrete Bloch bands. In two dimensions, electrons moving through a magnetic field also develop a quantized energy spectrum,…
Energy bands of electrons in a square lattice potential threaded by a uniform magnetic field exhibit a fractal structure known as the Hofstadter butterfly. Here we study a Fermi gas in a 2D optical lattice within a linear cavity with a tilt…
We calculate the electronic spectrum of bilayer graphene in perpendicular magnetic fields nonperturbatively. To accommodate arbitrary displacements between the two layers, we apply a periodic gauge based on singular flux vortices of phase…
We address the energy spectrum of honeycomb lattice with various defects or impurities under a perpendicular magnetic field. We use a tight-binding Hamiltonian including interactions with the nearest neighbors and investigate its energy…
The Hofstadter butterfly is one of the first and most fascinating examples of the fractal and self-similar quantum nature of free electrons in a lattice pierced by a perpendicular magnetic field. However, the direct experimental…
The problem of two-dimensional, independent electrons subject to a periodic potential and a uniform perpendicular magnetic field unveils surprisingly rich physics, as epitomized by the fractal energy spectrum known as Hofstadter's…
Intricate interplay between the periodicity of the lattice structure and that of the cyclotron motion gives rise to a well-known self-similar fractal structure of the energy eigenvalue, known as the Hofstadter butterfly, for an electron…
We perform an analytical study of the energy and entanglement spectrum of non-interacting fermionic bilayer honeycomb lattices in the presence of trigonal warping in the energy spectrum, on-site energy difference and uniform magnetic field.…
Electrons on the lattice subject to a strong magnetic field exhibit the fractal spectrum of electrons, which is known as the Hofstadter butterfly. In this work, we investigate unconventional superconductivity in a three-dimensional…
We investigate the dynamics of neutral atoms in a 2D optical lattice which traps two distinct internal states of the atoms in different columns. Two Raman lasers are used to coherently transfer atoms from one internal state to the other,…
Gauge potentials with different configurations have been recently realized in the optical lattice experiments. It is remarkable that one of the simplest gauge can generate particle energy spectrum with the self-similar structure known as a…
The \lq Hofstadter butterfly', a plot of the spectrum of an electron in a two-dimensional periodic potential with a uniform magnetic field, contains subsets which resemble small, distorted images of the entire plot. We show how the sizes of…
Spinless, interacting electrons on a finite size triangular lattice moving in an extremely strong perpendicular magnetic field are studied and compared with the results on a square lattice. Using a Falicov-Kimball model, the effects of the…
Hofstadter showed that the energy levels of electrons on a lattice plotted as a function of magnetic field form an beautiful structure now referred to as "Hofstadter's butterfly". We study a non-Hermitian continuation of Hofstadter's model;…
We give a perspective on the Hofstadter butterfly (fractal energy spectrum in magnetic fields), which we have shown to arise specifically in three-dimensional(3D) systems in our previous work. (i) We first obtain the `phase diagram' on a…
The translation symmetry of a lattice is greatly modified when subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field [Zak, Phys. Rev. \textbf{134}, A1602 (1964)]. This change in symmetry can lead to magnetic unit cells that are substantially larger…
The Hofstadter butterfly spectral patterns of lattice electrons in an external magnetic field yield some of the most beguiling images in physics. Here we explore the magneto-electronic spectra of systems with moire spatial patterns,…