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Recent advancements in deep learning have significantly revolutionized the field of clinical diagnosis and treatment, offering novel approaches to improve diagnostic precision and treatment efficacy across diverse clinical domains, thus…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Kai Sun , Siyan Xue , Fuchun Sun , Haoran Sun , Yu Luo , Ling Wang , Siyuan Wang , Na Guo , Lei Liu , Tian Zhao , Xinzhou Wang , Lei Yang , Shuo Jin , Jun Yan , Jiahong Dong

Through digital imaging, microscopy has evolved from primarily being a means for visual observation of life at the micro- and nano-scale, to a quantitative tool with ever-increasing resolution and throughput. Artificial intelligence, deep…

This comprehensive review discusses the development of scanning electron microscopy and the application of this technology in different fields such as biology, nanobiotechnology and biomedical science. Besides being a tool for high…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-02 Aniruddha Acharya

The size- and fluorescence-based sorting of micro- and nano-scale particles suspended in fluid presents a significant and important challenge for both sample analysis and for manufacturing of nanoparticle-based products. Here we demonstrate…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-02-16 Sukumar Rajauria , Christopher Axline , Claudia Gottstein , Andrew N. Cleland

Rapid advancements in imaging techniques and analytical methods over the past decade have revolutionized our ability to comprehensively probe the biological world at multiple scales, pinpointing the type, quantity, location, and even…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Shanghang Zhang , Gaole Dai , Tiejun Huang , Jianxu Chen

Organoids offer a promising alternative in biomedical research and clinical medicine, with better feature recapitulation than 2D cultures. They also have more consistent responses with clinical results when compared to animal models.…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-15 Caroline Ferguson , Yan Li , Yi Zhang , Xueju Wang

The last twenty years have witnessed molecular data emerge as a primary research instrument in most branches of mycology. Fungal systematics, taxonomy, and ecology have all seen tremendous progress and have undergone rapid, far-reaching…

Microfluidic devices have been the subject of considerable attention in recent years. The development of novel microfluidic devices, their evaluation, and their validation requires simulations. While common methods based on Computational…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-05 Maria Emmerich , Florina Costamoling , Robert Wille

An optical microscope enables image-based findings and diagnosis on microscopic targets, which is indispensable in many scientific, industrial and medical settings. Majority of microscope users are accustomed to standard benchtop…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-06 Keiichiro Toda , Miu Tamamitsu , Ryoichi Horisaki , Takuro Ideguchi

Microscopic understanding of liquid properties is essential for advancing a wide range of applications from energy applications such as nuclear reactors and batteries to biomedical applications including drug delivery and microfluidics.…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Jaeyun Moon

Nanoprecipitation, the rapid solvent-displacement route to nanoscale phase separation, has matured from a simple batch operation into a versatile platform for nanomaterial synthesis. This review synthesizes recent progress in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Mingbo Li , Junhao Cai , Yawen Gao

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have transformed many scientific fields, with microbiology and microbiome research now experiencing significant breakthroughs through machine learning applications. This review provides a…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-19 Xu-Wen Wang , Tong Wang , Yang-Yu Liu

Organ-on-a-chip (OoCs) platforms could revolutionize drug discovery and might ultimately become essential tools for precision therapy. Although many single-organ and interconnected systems have been described, the immune system has been…

Medical image classification is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, benefiting significantly from advancements in artificial intelligence. The paper reviews recent progress in the field, focusing on three levels of solutions: basic,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-06 Loan Dao , Ngoc Quoc Ly

We review recent advances in the design, synthesis, and modeling of active fluids. Active fluids have been at the center of many technological innovations and theoretical advances over the past two decades. Research on this new class of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-02-02 Ilham Essafri , Bappa Ghosh , Caroline Desgranges , Jerome Delhommelle

This paper explores the recent advancements in enhancing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tasks through Machine Learning (ML) techniques. We begin by introducing fundamental concepts, traditional methods, and benchmark datasets, then…

Size and shape are critical discriminators between molecular species and states. We describe a micro-chip based high-throughput imaging approach offering rapid and precise determination of molecular properties under native solution…

A new type of microfluidic system for biological cell manipulation, a CMOS/microfluidic hybrid, is demonstrated. The hybrid system starts with a custom-designed CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) chip fabricated in a…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Hakho Lee , Yong Liu , Donhee Ham , Robert M. Westervelt

Nano-scale fluid transport has vast applications spanning from water desalination to biotechnology [1,2]. It is possible to pump fluids in nano-conduits using pressure gradients [3], thermal methods [4], electric [5,6] and magnetic fields…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-01-09 Yigit Akkus , Ali Beskok

In the past 40 years, single-molecule techniques have been rapidly developed and widely applied in numerous fields of biology researches, offering new insights that conventional biochemical assays cannot discover. In this review, to help…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Huang Tang , Shuting Liu , Chenyue Kang , Xiang Wang , Xi Zhang , Kun Li , Gege Duan , Zheng Li , Boyang Hua