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We derive a bound on the conformal dimensions of the lightest few states in general unitary 2d conformal field theories with discrete spectra using modular invariance, including CFTs with chiral currents. We derive a bound on the conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-08-04 Joshua D. Qualls

We study the capabilities of probabilistic finite-state machines that act as verifiers for certificates of language membership for input strings, in the regime where the verifiers are restricted to toss some fixed nonzero number of coins…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-21 M. Utkan Gezer , A. C. Cem Say

We study several problems related to finding reset words in deterministic finite automata. In particular, we establish that the problem of deciding whether a shortest reset word has length k is complete for the complexity class DP. This…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-21 Jörg Olschewski , Michael Ummels

Grammatical inference consists in learning a formal grammar as a finite state machine or as a set of rewrite rules. In this paper, we are concerned with inferring Nondeterministic Finite Automata (NFA) that must accept some words, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Tomasz Jastrzab , Frédéric Lardeux , Eric Monfroy

Nonuniform Deterministic Finite Automata (NUDFA) over monoids were invented by Barrington to study boundaries of nonuniform constant-memory computation. Later, results on these automata helped to indentify interesting classes of groups for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Paweł M. Idziak , Piotr Kawałek , Jacek Krzaczkowski

In this paper, we focus on determining the equivalence for {\it 1-way quantum finite automata with control language} (CL-1QFAs) defined by Bertoni et al and {\it measure-many 1-way quantum finite automata} (MM-1QFAs) introduced by Kondacs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lvzhou Li , Daowen Qiu

In 1982, Ungar proved that the connecting lines of a set of $n$ noncollinear points in the plane determine at least $2\lfloor n/2 \rfloor$ directions (slopes). Sets achieving this minimum for $n$ odd (even) are called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Silvia Fernández-Merchant , Rimma Hämäläinen

We investigate the nondeterministic state complexity of the square-root operation $\sqrt{L}=\{\,w \mid ww\in L\,\}$ on regular languages represented by nondeterministic finite automata. For an $n$-state NFA accepting $L$, it was previously…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Sergey Onishchenko

An acyclic deterministic finite automaton (ADFA) is a data structure that represents a set of strings (i.e., a dictionary) and facilitates a pattern searching problem of determining whether a given pattern string is present in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Hiroki Shibata , Masakazu Ishihata , Shunsuke Inenaga

A monotone CNF formula is a Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form where each variable appears positively. We design a deterministic fully polynomial-time approximation scheme (FPTAS) for counting the number of satisfying assignments…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-03 Jingcheng Liu , Pinyan Lu

We introduce the category of dependency automata. A dependency automaton consists of two nondeterministic finite automata, with a relation between their states satisfying conditions. This category is equivalent to deterministic finite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Robert Samuel Ralph Myers

Planar automata seems to be representative of the synchronizing behavior of deterministic finite state automata. We conjecture that \v{C}erny's conjecture holds true, if and only if, it holds true for planar automata. In this paper we have…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-15 J. Andres Montoya , Christian Nolasco

The question if a deterministic finite automaton admits a software reset in the form of a so-called synchronizing word can be answered in polynomial time. In this paper, we extend this algorithmic question to deterministic automata beyond…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Henning Fernau , Petra Wolf , Tomoyuki Yamakami

A deterministic finite automaton (DFA) is composite if its language can be decomposed into an intersection of languages of smaller DFAs. Otherwise, A is prime. This notion of primality was introduced by Kupferman and Mosheiff in 2013, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Ismaël Jecker , Nicolas Mazzocchi , Petra Wolf

A discounted-sum automaton (NDA) is a nondeterministic finite automaton with edge weights, valuing a run by the discounted sum of visited edge weights. More precisely, the weight in the i-th position of the run is divided by $\lambda^i$,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Udi Boker , Thomas A. Henzinger

We study minimization problems for deterministic $\omega$-automata in the presence of don't care words. We prove that the number of priorities in deterministic parity automata can be efficiently minimized under an arbitrary set of don't…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Christof Löding , Max Philip Stachon

Algorithms for (nondeterministic) finite-state tree automata (FTAs) are often tested on random FTAs, in which all internal transitions are equiprobable. The run-time results obtained in this manner are usually overly optimistic as most such…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-11-25 Thomas Hanneforth , Andreas Maletti , Daniel Quernheim

A classical problem in grammatical inference is to identify a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) from a set of positive and negative examples. In this paper, we address the related - yet seemingly novel - problem of identifying a set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-07 Alexis Linard , Rick Smetsers , Frits Vaandrager , Umar Waqas , Joost van Pinxten , Sicco Verwer

Co-lex partial orders were recently introduced in (Cotumaccio et al., SODA 2021 and JACM 2023) as a powerful tool to index finite state automata, with applications to regular expression matching. They generalize Wheeler orders (Gagie et…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ruben Becker , Davide Cenzato , Sung-Hwan Kim , Tomasz Kociumaka , Bojana Kodric , Alberto Policriti , Nicola Prezza

It is well known that for a regular tree language it is decidable whether or not it can be recognized by a deterministic top-down tree automaton (DTA). However, the computational complexity of this problem has not been studied. We show that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Peter Leupold , Sebastian Maneth