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A formalism for describing an all-sky map of the polarization of the cosmic microwave background is presented. The polarization pattern on the sky can be decomposed into two geometrically distinct components. One of these components is not…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 Marc Kamionkowski , Arthur Kosowsky , Albert Stebbins

Based on the relationship between proper distance and coordinate distance, the geometrical phenomenon caused by the passing gravitational waves can not be observed locally. The electromagnetic wave equations in the background gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-13 Wenyu Wang , Yang Xu

The detection of gravitational waves opened up a new window to look into the Universe by probing phenomena invisible through electromagnetic observations. As gravitational waves interact very weakly with matter, their detection is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-29 Soumen Roy , Bruno Bertrand , Justin Janquart

In massive scalar-tensor gravity, core-collapse supernovae are strong sources of scalar-polarized gravitational waves. These can be detectable out to large distance. The dispersive nature of the propagation of waves in the massive scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-10 Roxana Rosca-Mead , Michalis Agathos , Christopher J. Moore , Ulrich Sperhake

We derive new exact gravitational wave solutions with dynamical torsion and nonmetricity tensors in the framework of cubic Metric-Affine Gravity (MAG). For this purpose, we consider the full algebraic classification of the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-06 Sebastian Bahamonde , Jorge Gigante Valcarcel , José M. M. Senovilla

A new detection method for gravitational waves (GWs) with ultra-low frequencies ($f_{\rm GW} \lesssim 10^{-10}~{\rm Hz}$), which is much lower than the range of pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), was proposed in Yonemaru et al. (2016). This…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-29 Shinnosuke Hisano , Naoyuki Yonemaru , Hiroki Kumamoto , Keitaro Takahashi

In the first paper in this series, we introduced "persistent gravitational wave observables" as a framework for generalizing the gravitational wave memory effect. These observables are nonlocal in time and nonzero in the presence of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-20 Éanna É. Flanagan , Alexander M. Grant , Abraham I. Harte , David A. Nichols

Gravitational waves offer a potent mean to test the underlying theory of gravity. In general theories of gravity, such as scalar-tensor theories, one expects modifications in the friction term and the sound speed in the gravitational wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-17 Yi-Fu Cai , Guillem Domènech , Alexander Ganz , Jie Jiang , Chunshan Lin , Bo Wang

Gravitational-wave sources offer us unique testbeds for probing strong-field, dynamical and nonlinear aspects of gravity. In this chapter, we give a brief overview of the current status and future prospects of testing General Relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-15 Zack Carson , Kent Yagi

In this paper, we review the theoretical basis for generation of gravitational waves and the detection techniques used to detect a gravitational wave. To materialize this goal in a thorough way we first start with a mathematical background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-01 Saibal Ray , R. Bhattacharya , Sanjay K. Sahay , Abdul Aziz , Amit Das

We use direct numerical simulations of decaying primordial hydromagnetic turbulence with helicity to compute the resulting gravitational wave (GW) production and its degree of circular polarization. We find a clear dependence of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-20 Alberto Roper Pol , Sayan Mandal , Axel Brandenburg , Tina Kahniashvili

Forthcoming advances in direct gravitational wave detection from kilohertz to nanohertz frequencies have unique capabilities to detect signatures from or set meaningful constraints on a wide range of new cosmological phenomena and new…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Craig J. Hogan

This review is focused on tests of Einstein's theory of general relativity with gravitational waves that are detectable by ground-based interferometers and pulsar-timing experiments. Einstein's theory has been greatly constrained in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-13 Nicolas Yunes , Xavier Siemens , Kent Yagi

General relativity predicts the existence of only two tensorial gravitational wave polarizations, while a generic metric theories of gravity can possess up to four additional polarizations, including two vector and two scalar ones. These…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-12 Shaoqi Hou , Xi-Long Fan , Tao Zhu , Zong-Hong Zhu

The gravitational waves of Ho\v{r}ava gravity, their polarization states and their possible observational signatures are discussed. Using the gauge-invariant variable formalism, we found the three polarization modes in Ho\v{r}ava gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-16 Yungui Gong , Shaoqi Hou , Eleftherios Papantonopoulos , Dimitrios Tzortzis

We describe a novel, very fast and robust, directed search incoherent method for periodic gravitational waves (GWs) from neutron stars in binary systems. As directed search, we assume the source sky position to be known with enough…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-07 Paola Leaci , Pia Astone , Sabrina D'Antonio , Sergio Frasca , Cristiano Palomba , Ornella Piccinni , Simone Mastrogiovanni

It is generally accepted that a first ever direct detection of gravity waves would herald a new era in astronomy and in fundamental physics. Ever since the early sixties, increasingly larger human and material resources are being invested…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Redouane Fakir

Several past searches for gravitational waves from a selection of known pulsars have been performed with data from the science runs of the Laser Inferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) gravitational wave detectors. So far these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-07-07 Matthew Pitkin

Gravitational wave science should transform in this decade from a study of what has not been seen to a full-fledged field of astronomy in which detected signals reveal the nature of cataclysmic events and exotic objects. The LIGO Scientific…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-11 Keith Riles

We discuss gravitational waves from merging binaries using a Newtonian approach with some inputs from the Post-Newtonian formalism. We show that it is possible to understand the key features of the signal using fundamental physics and also…

Popular Physics · Physics 2019-12-20 Jahanvi , Ashish Kumar Meena , J. S. Bagla