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We find by applying MacMahon's partition analysis that all magic squares of order three, up to rotations and reflections, are of two types, each generated by three basis elements. A combinatorial proof of this fact is given.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Guoce Xin

We show the 3 by 3 magic square of squares problem equivalent to solving quartic polynomials with certain factorization constraints over an abelian extension of the rationals. We analyze a particular case in which said extension is assumed…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-08-14 Onno Cain

We prove the existence of Ulrich sheaves on the Hilbert scheme of two points on a polarized K3 surface or an abelian surface. The construction proceeds by descending Ulrich bundles on the surface to the symmetric square and lifting them to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Anindya Mukherjee , Pabitra Barik

Magic-square constraints define Diophantine systems whose solutions, in several natural families, exhibit rigid periodic structure. We study this structure in an oracle setting, where a marked set of integers is given by black-box access…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Dimitrios Thanos , Marcello Bonsangue , Alfons Laarman

``Quasi-elliptic'' functions can be given a ring structure in two different ways, using either ordinary multiplication, or convolution. The map between the corresponding standard bases is calculated. A related structure has appeared…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-05-13 Marianne Leitner

In this paper, we present an effective method to characterize completely when a disconnected fractal square has only finitely many connected components. Our method is to establish some graph structures on fractal squares to reveal the…

General Topology · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Jian-Ci Xiao

A method to construct trihamiltonian extensions of a separable system is presented. The procedure is tested for systems, with a natural Hamiltonian, separable in classical sense in one of the four orthogonal separable coordinate systems of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Luca Degiovanni

In the present paper I shall clarify the Babylonian method by which many large tables of reciprocals could be constructed.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-01-03 Kazuo Muroi

We give several construction methods and use them to produce many examples of proper biharmonic maps including biharmonic tori of any dimension in Euclidean spheres (Theorem 2.2, Corollaries 2.3, 2.4, and 2.6), biharmonic maps between…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-08-15 Ye-Lin Ou

In this article we present a method for constructing two-point functions in the spirit of the hexagon proposal, which leads us to propose a "square form factor". Since cutting the square gives us two squares, we can write a consistency…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-01 Juan Miguel Nieto

When the Euclidean algorithm produces a symmetric sequence of quotients, we give explicit formulas for the remainders that allow the analysis of two families of quadratic forms in the remainders.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-07 Barry R. Smith

We propose and study a generalized continued fraction algorithm that can be executed in an arbitrary imaginary quadratic field, the novelty being a non-restriction to the five Euclidean cases. Many hallmark properties of classical continued…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-12 Daniel E. Martin

We consider the problem of finding 4 rational squares, such that the product of any two plus the sum of the same two always gives a square. We give some historical background and exhibit one such quadruple.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Allan J. MacLeod

A method is presented for forming polynomial interpolants on squares and cubes, which are more efficient in the so-called Euclidean degree than other commonly used methods with the same number of collocation points. These methods have…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-11 R. Connor Greene

Narayana Pandita constructed magic squares as a superimposition of two squares, folded together like palms in the Indian greeting, Namaste. In this article, we show how to construct Franklin squares of every order, as a superimposition of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-08-23 Maya Mohsin Ahmed

We review a known method of compounding two magic square matrices of order m and n with the all-ones matrix to form two magic square matrices of order mn. We show that these compounded matrices commute. Simple formulas are derived for their…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-09-09 Ronald P. Nordgren

Let R be a ring. A construction method for flexible quadratic algebras with scalar involution over R is presented which unifies various classical constructions in the literature, in particular those to construct composition algebras.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Pumpluen

The method of constructing spline classes in the form of trigonometric Fourier series whose coefficients have a certain decreasing order are considered. in turn, this decrement determines the number of continuous derivatives of sum of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-22 V. Denysiuk

We construct new complex-valued harmonic morphisms from Euclidean spaces from functions which are holomorphic with respect to Hermitian structures. In particular, we give the first global examples of complex-valued harmonic morphisms from…

dg-ga · Mathematics 2008-02-03 P. Baird , J. C. Wood

A mathematical method for constructing fractal curves and surfaces, termed the $p\lambda n$ fractal decomposition, is presented. It allows any function to be split into a finite set of fractal discontinuous functions whose sum is equal…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-15 Vladimir Garcia-Morales