Related papers: Exceeding the asymptotic limit of polymer drag red…
Polymer-induced drag reduction is bounded by an asymptotic limit of maximum drag reduction (MDR). For decades, researchers have presumed that MDR reflects the convergence to an ultimate flow state that is not further changed by polymers.…
Recent experiments indicated that polymers can reduce the turbulent drag beyond the asymptotic limit known as the MDR, leading to a laminar flow. In this Letter, we show through direct numerical simulations that, when the MDR is exceeded,…
We address the mechanism of drag reduction by polymers in turbulent wall bounded flows. On the basis of the equations of fluid mechanics we present a quantitative derivation of the "maximum drag reduction (MDR) asymptote" which is the…
Polymer additives can substantially reduce the drag of turbulent flows and the upper limit, the so called "maximum drag reduction" (MDR) asymptote is universal, i.e. independent of the type of polymer and solvent used. Until recently, the…
A simple model of the effect of polymer concentration on the amount of drag reduction in turbulence is presented, simulated and analyzed. The qualitative phase diagram of drag coefficient vs. Reynolds number (Re) is recaptured in this…
Turbulent channel flow of drag-reducing polymer solutions is simulated in minimal flow geometries. Even in the Newtonian limit, we find intervals of "hibernating" turbulence that display many features of the universal maximum drag reduction…
The flow of fluids in channels, pipes or ducts, as in any other wall-bounded flow (like water along the hulls of ships or air on airplanes) is hindered by a drag, which increases many-folds when the fluid flow turns from laminar to…
The upper bound of polymer drag reduction is identified as a unique transitional state between laminar and turbulent flow corresponding to the onset of the nonlinear breakdown of flow instabilities.
The existence of drag reduction by polymer additives, well established for wall-bounded turbulent flows, is controversial in homogeneous, isotropic turbulence. To settle this controversy we carry out a high-resolution direct numerical…
We present an experimental study on the drag reduction by polymers in Taylor-Couette turbulence at Reynolds numbers ($Re$) ranging from $4\times 10^3$ to $2.5\times 10^4$. In this $Re$ regime, the Taylor vortex is present and accounts for…
A small amount of polymer additives can cause substantial reduction in the energy dissipation and friction loss of turbulent flow. The problem of polymer-induced drag reduction has attracted continuous attention over the seven decades since…
We address the "Additive Equivalence" discovered by Virk and coworkers: drag reduction affected by flexible and rigid rodlike polymers added to turbulent wall-bounded flows is limited from above by a very similar Maximum Drag Reduction…
We present experimental and theoretical results addressing the Reynolds number (Re) dependence of drag reduction by sufficiently large concentrations of rod-like polymers in turbulent wall-bounded flows. It is shown that when Re is small…
Provided a sufficient concentration of long-chain polymers in a Newtonian solvent, turbulent wall-bounded flows exhibit a universal state known as Maximum Drag Reduction (MDR). Through direct numerical simulations, we show that the…
Drag reduction by polymers is bounded between two universal asymptotes, the von-K\'arm\'an log-law of the law and the Maximum Drag Reduction (MDR) asymptote. It is theoretically understood why the MDR asymptote is universal, independent of…
Injection of dilute polymer in a turbulent flow suppresses frictional drag. This challenging and technologically important problem remains primarily unresolved due to the complex nature of the flow. An important factor in the drag reduction…
Drag reduction by polymers in wall turbulence is bounded from above by a universal maximal drag reduction (MDR) velocity profile that is a log-law, estimated experimentally by Virk as $V^+(y^+)\approx 11.7 \log y^+ -17$. Here $V^+(y)$ and…
We employ the full FENE-P model of hydrodynamics of a dilute polymer solutions to derive a theoretical approach to drag reduction in wall bounded turbulence. We recapture the results of a recent simplified theory which derived the universal…
An addition of polymers can significantly reduce drag in wall-bounded turbulent flows, such as pipes or channels. This phenomenon is accompanied by a noticeable modification of the mean velocity profile. Starting from the premise that…
In most settings, from international pipelines to home water supplies, the drag caused by turbulence raises pumping costs many times higher than if the flow were laminar. Drag reduction has therefore long been an aim of high priority. In…