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We identify and analyze a surprising phenomenon of Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) where the final steps of the diffusion can degrade sample quality. In contrast to conventional arguments that justify early stopping for numerical stability,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-03 Yu-Han Wu , Quentin Berthet , Gérard Biau , Claire Boyer , Romuald Elie , Pierre Marion

In this paper, we study the asymptotic estimate of solution for a mixed-order time-fractional diffusion equation in a bounded domain subject to the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. Firstly, the unique existence and regularity…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-08-26 Zhiyuan Li , Xinchi Huang , Masahiro Yamamoto

In this work, exact solutions are derived for an integer- and fractional-order time-delayed diffusion equation with arbitrary initial conditions. The solutions are obtained using Fourier transform methods in conjunction with the known…

In the present paper initial problems for the semilinear integro-differential diffusion equation and system are considered. The analogue of Duhamel principle for the linear integro-differential diffusion equation is proved. The results on…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-10-05 Meiirkhan Borikhanov , Berikbol T. Torebek

Solving optimal stopping problems by backward induction in high dimensions is often very complex since the computation of conditional expectations is required. Typically, such computations are based on regression, a method that suffers from…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-19 Martin Redmann

We obtain a probabilistic solution to linear-quadratic optimal control problems with state constraints. Given a closed set $\mathcal{D}\subseteq [0,T]\times\mathbb{R}^d$, a diffusion $X$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$ must be linearly controlled in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-06 Tiziano De Angelis , Erik Ekström

Overdamped Langevin dynamics are reversible stochastic differential equations which are commonly used to sample probability measures in high-dimensional spaces, such as the ones appearing in computational statistical physics and Bayesian…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Tony Lelièvre , Grigorios A. Pavliotis , Geneviève Robin , Régis Santet , Gabriel Stoltz

Solutions of boundary value problems for a diffusion equation of fractional and variable order in differential and difference settings are studied. It is shown that the method of energy inequalities is applicable to obtaining a priori…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-11-22 A. A. Alikhanov

We solve the problem of optimal stopping of a Brownian motion subject to the constraint that the stopping time's distribution is a given measure consisting of finitely-many atoms. In particular, we show that this problem can be converted to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-07-07 Erhan Bayraktar , Christopher W. Miller

For diffusion-reaction equations employing a splitting procedure is attractive as it reduces the computational demand and facilitates a parallel implementation. Moreover, it opens up the possibility to construct second-order integrators…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-01-06 Lukas Einkemmer , Alexander Ostermann

Inferring a diffusion equation from discretely-observed measurements is a statistical challenge of significant importance in a variety of fields, from single-molecule tracking in biophysical systems to modeling financial instruments.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-12 Yinuo Ren , Yiping Lu , Lexing Ying , Grant M. Rotskoff

Stochastic optimal control problems with constraints on the probability distribution of the final output are considered. Necessary conditions for optimality in the form of a coupled system of partial differential equations involving a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-10 Samuel Daudin

We consider diffusion in arbitrary spatial dimension d with the addition of a resetting process wherein the diffusive particle stochastically resets to a fixed position at a constant rate $r$. We compute the non-equilibrium stationary state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-19 Martin R. Evans , Satya N. Majumdar

We study the Dirichlet boundary-value problem of steady-state two-sided variable-coefficient conservative space-fractional diffusion equations. We show that the Galerkin weak formulation, which was proved to be coercive and continuous for a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-06-16 Danping Yang , Hong Wang

We consider distributions of ordered random vectors with given one-dimensional marginal distributions. We give an elementary necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such a distribution with finite entropy. In this case, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-08 Cristina Butucea , Jean-François Delmas , Anne Dutfoy , Richard Fischer

This paper solves a Bayes sequential impulse control problem for a diffusion, whose drift has an unobservable parameter with a change point. The partially-observed problem is reformulated into one with full observations, via a change of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-08-19 Lokman A. Abbas-Turki , Ioannis Karatzas , Qinghua Li

We develop a stabilized cut finite element method for the stationary convection diffusion problem on a surface embedded in ${\mathbb{R}}^d$. The cut finite element method is based on using an embedding of the surface into a three…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-07-24 Erik Burman , Peter Hansbo , Mats G. Larson , Andre Massing , Sara Zahedi

In this paper, we establish new strategies to reduce the dimension of large-scale controlled stochastic differential equations with non-zero initial states. The first approach transforms the original setting into a stochastic system with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Martin Redmann

We study a finite horizon optimal control problem for the continuity equation under a weighted integral state constraint on the mass outside a fixed set. The model is cast in a Hilbert framework for densities. On a suitable invariant…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Fabio Bagagiolo , Ivan Romanò

This paper investigates the robustness of stochastic optimal control for controlled regime switching diffusions. We consider systems driven by both continuous fluctuations and discrete regime changes, allowing for model misspecification in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Somnath Pradhan , Dinesh Rathia