Related papers: The Elementary Particle Cube
We conjecture how the particle content of the standard model can emerge starting with a supersymmetric Wess-Zumino model in 1+1 dimensions (d = 2) with three real boson and fermion fields. Considering SU(3) transformations, the lagrangian…
The distribution of the deformations of elementary cells is studied in an abstract lattice constructed from the existence of the empty set. One combination rule determining oriented sequences with continuity of set-distance function in such…
The mathematical rules used to handle systems of identical quantum particles bring into question whether the elementary constituents of matter, such as electrons, have the fundamental characteristics of persistence and reidentifiability…
Well over a century after the discovery of the electron, we are still faced with serious conceptual issues regarding precisely what an electron is. Since the development of particle physics and the Standard Model, we have accumulated a…
The spin geometry theorem of Penrose is extended from $SU(2)$ to $E(3)$ (Euclidean) invariant elementary quantum mechanical systems. Using the natural decomposition of the total angular momentum into its spin and orbital parts, the…
Periodic table of chemical elements symbolizes an elegant graphical representation of symmetry at atomic level and provides an overview on arrangement of electrons. It started merely as tabular representation of chemical elements, later got…
Extension of particle symmetry implies new conserved charges and the lightest particles, possessing such charges, should be stable. Created in early Universe, stable charged heavy leptons and quarks can exist and, hidden in elusive atoms…
Fundamental particles, regarded as the constituents of quarks and leptons, are described classicaly in the framework of the Weyl-Dirac version of Wesson's Induced Matter Theory. There are neutral particles and particles having charge…
A periodic lattice in Euclidean 3-space is the infinite set of all integer linear combinations of basis vectors. Any lattice can be generated by infinitely many different bases. This ambiguity was only partially resolved, but standard…
Every system in physics is described in terms of interacting elementary particles characterized by modulated spacetime recurrences. These intrinsic periodicities, implicit in undulatory mechanics, imply that every free particle is a…
Seven commuting elements of the Clifford algebra $Cl_{7,7}$ define seven binary eigenvalues that distinguish the $2^7=128$ states of 32 fermions, and determine their parity, electric charge and interactions. Three commuting elements of the…
We propose a geometric explanation of the standard model of Glashow, Weinberg and Salam for the known elementary particles. Our model is a generic Quantum Field Theory in dimension four, obtained by developing along a Lorentz sub-manifold…
The Standard Model of elementary particles is a theory unifying three of the four basic forces of the Nature: electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions. In this paper we consider the Standard Model in the presence of a classical…
The Clifford pentads of the 4X4 complex matrices define the current vectors of the particles. The weak isospin transformation divides the particles on two components, which scatter in the 2-dimensional antidiagonal Clifford matrices space.…
Compact polyhedra of cubic point symmetry Oh, exhibit surfaces of planar sections (facets) characterized by normal vector families {abc} with up to 48 members each, compatible with Oh symmetry. We focus first on polyhedra confined by facets…
We examine the hypothesis that space-time is a product of a continuous four-dimensional manifold times a finite space. A new tensorial notation is developed to present the various constructs of noncommutative geometry. In particular, this…
The high-temperature limit of Standard Model generated by the contractions of gauge groups is discussed. Contraction parameters of gauge group $SU(2)$ of Electroweak Model and gauge group $SU(3)$ of Quantum Chromodynamics are taken…
By means of identical cubic elements, we generate a partition of a volume in which a particle-based cosmological simulation is carried out. In each cubic element, we determine the gas particles with a normalized density greater than an…
In this paper we pose two fundamental ideas on the motion of an elementary particle supporting the internal "spin motion" or $\textit{Zitterbewegung}$ and a particle as concentrated energy. First, the particle moves randomly in a limited…
In the model every quark or lepton is identified with a quartet of four "more elementary" particles. One particle in a quartet is a massive spin-0 boson and other three particles are massless spin-1/2 fermions.