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We give a brief review of violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) in out-of-equilibrium systems; in mean field scenarios the corresponding fluctuation-dissipation (FD) plots can, in the limit of long times, be used to define…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 P Sollich , S Fielding , P Mayer

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation provides a universal lower bound on the product of entropy production and the fluctuations of any current. While proven for Markov dynamics on a discrete set of states and for overdamped Langevin…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-04-24 Hyun-Myung Chun , Lukas P. Fischer , Udo Seifert

The stochastic thermodynamics provides a framework for the description of systems that are out of thermodynamic equilibrium. It is based on the assumption that the elementary constituents are acted by random forces that generate a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-26 Mário J. de Oliveira

We develop an effective field theory for dissipative fluids which governs the dynamics of long-lived gapless modes associated with conserved quantities. The resulting theory gives a path integral formulation of fluctuating hydrodynamics…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-01-30 Michael Crossley , Paolo Glorioso , Hong Liu

To investigate the relationship between gravity and thermodynamics in the case of dynamic systems, we interpret the apparent horizon of the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime as a thermodynamic system. We derive the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-22 Luis M. Sanchez , Hernando Quevedo

Stochastic thermodynamics extends the notions and relations of classical thermodynamics to small systems that experience strong fluctuations. The definitions of work and heat and the microscopically reversible condition are two key concepts…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-23 Geng Li , Z. C. Tu

We present a general quantum fluctuation theorem for the entropy production of an open quantum system coupled to multiple environments, not necessarily at equilibrium. Such a general theorem, when restricted to the weak-coupling and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Gabriele De Chiara , Alberto Imparato

We extend previous work to describe a class of fluctuation relations (FRs) that emerge as a consequence of symmetries at the level of stochastic trajectories in Markov chains. We prove that given such a symmetry, and for a suitable…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-03 Stefano Marcantoni , Carlos Pérez-Espigares , Juan P. Garrahan

A thermodynamic framework that predicts the thermal conductivity $\lambda$ of simple fluids beyond the dilute-gas limit is introduced. By generalizing the transition-rate approach of particles on a lattice to conserved quantities in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-03 Miguel Hoyuelos

In this paper, the foundations of classical phenomenological thermodynamics are being thoroughly revisited. A new rigorous basis for thermodynamics is laid out in the main text and presented in full detail in the appendix. All relevant…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-02-24 Philipp Kammerlander , Renato Renner

We apply the stochastic thermodynamics formalism to describe the dynamics of systems of complex Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations. We provide in particular a simple and general recipe to calculate thermodynamical currents, dissipated and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-30 Simone Borlenghi , Anna Delin

A quantum analog of friction (understood as a completely positive, Markovian, translation-invariant and phenomenological model of dissipation) is known to be in odds with the detailed balance in the thermodynamic limit. We show that this is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-07 Dmitry V. Zhdanov , Denys I. Bondar , Tamar Seideman

The fluctuation-dissipation theorem is a fundamental result in statistical physics that establishes a connection between the response of a system subject to a perturbation and the fluctuations associated with observables in equilibrium.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-03 Tanmoy Biswas , A. de Oliveira Junior , Michał Horodecki , Kamil Korzekwa

Traditional thermodynamics governs the behaviour of large systems that evolve between states of thermal equilibrium. For these large systems, the mean values of thermodynamic quantities (such as work, heat and entropy) provide a good…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-01 Andrew J. P. Garner

A new effective theory framework for fluctuating hydrodynamics in the relativistic regime is derived using standard thermodynamical principles and general properties of non-equilibrium stochastic dynamics. For the first time, we establish…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-01-09 Nicki Mullins , Mauricio Hippert , Jorge Noronha

The Trajectory Class Fluctuation Theorem (TCFT) substantially strengthens the Second Law of Thermodynamics -- that, in point of fact, can be a rather weak bound on resource fluxes. Practically, it improves empirical estimates of free…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-04-30 Gregory Wimsatt , Alexander B. Boyd , James P. Crutchfield

The study of thermodynamic fluctuations allows one to relate the free energy difference between two equilibrium states with the work done on a system through processes far from equilibrium. This finding plays a crucial role in the quantum…

An irreversible thermodynamical theory of solids is presented where the kinematic quantities are defined in an automatically objective way. Namely, auxiliary elements like reference frame, reference time and reference configuration are…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-12-22 Tamás Fülöp

Fluctuations in biochemical networks, e.g., in a living cell, have a complex origin that precludes a description of such systems in terms of bipartite or multipartite processes, as is usually done in the framework of stochastic and/or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-29 R. Chétrite , M. L. Rosinberg , T. Sagawa , G. Tarjus

We present technical results required for the description and understanding of correlations and fluctuations of the empirical density and current as well as diverse time-integrated and time-averaged thermodynamic currents of diffusion…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-09 Cai Dieball , Aljaž Godec