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The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a cornerstone of combinatorial optimization and has deeply influenced the development of algorithmic techniques in both exact and approximate settings. Yet, improving on the decades-old bounds for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Justin Dallant , László Kozma

In the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), we are given a complete graph $K_n$ together with an integer weighting $w$ on the edges of $K_n$, and we are asked to find a Hamilton cycle of $K_n$ of minimum weight. Let $h(w)$ denote the average…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-08-05 Gregory Gutin , Viresh Patel

An important variant of the classic Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is the Dynamic TSP, in which a system with dynamic constraints is tasked with visiting a set of n target locations (in any order) in the shortest amount of time. Such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Aviv Adler , Oren Gal , Sertac Karaman

We present an exact formulation of the symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) that replaces the classical edge-selection view with a surface-building approach. Instead of selecting edges to form a cycle, the model selects a set of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Yılmaz Arslanoğlu

The All-Pairs Shortest Paths (APSP) problem is one of the fundamental problems in theoretical computer science. It asks to compute the distance matrix of a given $n$-vertex graph. We revisit the classical problem of maintaining the distance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Xiao Mao

We study the variant of the Euclidean Traveling Salesman problem where instead of a set of points, we are given a set of lines as input, and the goal is to find the shortest tour that visits each line. The best known upper and lower bounds…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Antonios Antoniadis , Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Bundit Laekhanukit , Daniel Vaz

This paper proposes a hybrid genetic algorithm for solving the Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (mTSP) to minimize the length of the longest tour. The genetic algorithm utilizes a TSP sequence as the representation of each individual,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Sasan Mahmoudinazlou , Changhyun Kwon

We give a polynomial time, $(1+\epsilon)$-approximation algorithm for the traveling repairman problem (TRP) in the Euclidean plane and on weighted trees. This improves on the known quasi-polynomial time approximation schemes for these…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-09-22 René Sitters

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most challenging NP-hard problems. It has widely applications in various disciplines such as physics, biology, computer science and so forth. The best known approximation algorithm for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Wenhong Tian , Chaojie Huang , Xinyang Wang , Qin Xiong

We consider the traveling salesman problem when the cities are points in R^d for some fixed d and distances are computed according to geometric distances, determined by some norm. We show that for any polyhedral norm, the problem of finding…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Alexander Barvinok , Sandor P. Fekete , David S. Johnson , Arie Tamir , Gerhard J. Woeginger , Russ Woodroofe

We give improved approximations for two metric Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) variants. In Ordered TSP (OTSP) we are given a linear ordering on a subset of nodes $o_1, \ldots, o_k$. The TSP solution must have that $o_{i+1}$ is visited at…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Martin Böhm , Zachary Friggstad , Tobias Mömke , Joachim Spoerhase

This paper introduces a new learning-based approach for approximately solving the Travelling Salesman Problem on 2D Euclidean graphs. We use deep Graph Convolutional Networks to build efficient TSP graph representations and output tours in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Chaitanya K. Joshi , Thomas Laurent , Xavier Bresson

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the classic and hard problems in combinatorial optimization. We develop a new heuristic that uses a connection between Minimum Cost Flow Problems and the TSP to improve on a given suboptimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Steffen Borgwardt , Zachary Sorenson

We revisit the classic task of finding the shortest tour of $n$ points in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space, for any fixed constant $d \geq 2$. We determine the optimal dependence on $\varepsilon$ in the running time of an algorithm that…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Jesper Nederlof , Karol Węgrzycki

The $k$-Opt and Lin-Kernighan algorithm are two of the most important local search approaches for the Metric TSP. Both start with an arbitrary tour and make local improvements in each step to get a shorter tour. We show that for any fixed…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Xianghui Zhong

In the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), a list of cities and the distances between them are given. The goal is to find the shortest possible route that visits each city exactly once and returns to the original city. The TSP has a wide…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Johnny Seay , Edwin Gonzalez , Stephen Lowe , Jesse Crawford , Bryant Wyatt

A well-studied continuous model of graphs, introduced by Dearing and Francis [Transportation Science, 1974], considers each edge as a continuous unit-length interval of points. For $\delta \geq 0$, we introduce the problem $\delta$-Tour,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Fabian Frei , Ahmed Ghazy , Tim A. Hartmann , Florian Hörsch , Dániel Marx

We consider some generalizations of the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Path problem. Suppose we have an asymmetric metric G = (V,A) with two distinguished nodes s,t. We are also given a positive integer k. The goal is to find k paths of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-12-15 Zachary Friggstad

We introduce a topological feedback mechanism for the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) by analyzing the divergence between a tour and the minimum spanning tree (MST). Our key contribution is a canonical decomposition theorem that expresses…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Ilya Trofimov , Daria Voronkova , Alexander Mironenko , Anton Dmitriev , Eduard Tulchinskii , Evgeny Burnaev , Serguei Barannikov

In the maximum traveling salesman problem (Max TSP) we are given a complete undirected graph with nonnegative weights on the edges and we wish to compute a traveling salesman tour of maximum weight. We present a fast combinatorial $\frac…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-03-22 Szymon Dudycz , Jan Marcinkowski , Katarzyna Paluch , Bartosz Rybicki