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A persistent public health challenge is finding immunization schemes that are effective in combating highly mutable pathogens such as HIV and influenza viruses. To address this, we analyze a simplified model of affinity maturation, the…
During an infectious disease outbreak, policymakers must balance medical costs with social and economic burdens and seek interventions that minimize both. To support this decision-making process, we developed a framework that integrates…
This paper studies algorithmic strategies to effectively reduce the number of infections in susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic models. We consider a Markov chain SIR model and its two instantiations in the deterministic SIR…
China is one of the countries with a high burden of tuberculosis, and although the number of new cases of tuberculosis has been decreasing year by year, the number of new infections per year has remained high and the diagnosis rate of…
In this paper, we study an optimal control problem of a communicable disease in a prison population. In order to control the spread of the disease inside a prison, we consider an active case-finding strategy, consisting on screening a…
During the last decades, the global prevalence of dengue progressed dramatically. It is a disease that is now endemic in more than one hundred countries of Africa, America, Asia, and the Western Pacific. In this paper, we present a…
T-cell activation plays a critical role in the initiation and propagation of HIV-1 infection and yet transient activation of the immune system is a normal response to immunization. In this study we extend a simple of model of HIV infection…
Risk prediction models are a crucial tool in healthcare. Risk prediction models with a binary outcome (i.e., binary classification models) are often constructed using methodology which assumes the costs of different classification errors…
This work focuses on optimal controls of a class of stochastic SIS epidemic models under regime switching. By assuming that a decision maker can either influence the infectivity period or isolate infected individuals, our aim is to minimize…
We consider the mutual interactions, via cytokine exchanges, among helper lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and killer lymphocytes, and we model them as a unique system by means of a tripartite network. Each part includes all the different clones…
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are promising targets for vaccination and therapy against HIV. Passive infusions of bNAbs have shown promise in clinical trials as a potential alternative for anti-retroviral therapy. A key challenge…
The coexistence of different viral strains (quasispecies) within the same host are nowadays observed for a growing number of viruses, most notably HIV, Marburg and Ebola, but the conditions for the formation and survival of new strains have…
Recently, a long-term model of HIV infection dynamics was developed to describe the entire time course of the disease. It consists of a large system of ODEs with many parameters, and is expensive to simulate. In the current paper, this…
This paper investigates a behavioral-feedback SIR model in which the infection rate adapts dynamically based on the fractions of susceptible and infected individuals. We introduce an invariant of motion and we characterize the peak of…
Contact tracing is a key tool for managing epidemic diseases like HIV, tuberculosis, and COVID-19. Manual investigations by human contact tracers remain a dominant way in which this is carried out. This process is limited by the number of…
Dynamic treatment regimes formalize precision medicine as a sequence of decision rules, one for each stage of clinical intervention, that map current patient information to a recommended intervention. Optimal regimes are typically defined…
Chemotherapy is one of the primary modalities of cancer treatment. Chemotherapy drug administration is a complex problem that often requires expensive clinical trials to evaluate potential regimens. One way to alleviate this burden and…
HIV dynamical models are often based on non-linear systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE), which do not have analytical solution. Introducing random effects in such models leads to very challenging non-linear mixed-effects models.…
Hepatitis type B is one of the most common infectious disease worldwide that can pose severe threats to human health up to the point that may contribute to severe liver damage or cancer. Over the past two decades a large number of dynamic…
In this work, we present two defective regression models for the analysis of interval-censored competing risk data in the presence of cured individuals, viz., defective Gompertz and defective inverse Gaussian regression models. The proposed…