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Entanglement, describing the inseparability of a quantum multiparty system, is one of the most intriguing features of quantum mechanics. Violation of Bell inequality, for ruling out the possibility of local hidden variable theories, is…
We consider various effects that are encountered in matter wave interference experiments with massive nanoparticles. The text-book example of far-field interference at a grating is compared with diffraction into the dark field behind an…
A simple local hidden-variables model is exhibited which reproduces the results of all performed tests of Bell\'{}s inequalities involving optical photon pairs. For the old atomic-cascade experiments, like Aspect\'{}s, the model agrees with…
Violations of Bell inequalities have been an incontestable indicator of non-classicality since the seminal paper by John Bell. However, recent claims of Bell inequalities violations with classical light have cast some doubts on their…
We study violations of n particle Bell inequalities (as developed by Mermin and Klyshko) under the assumption that suitable partial transposes of the density operator are positive. If all transposes with respect to a partition of the system…
We show that a Bell inequality test using an optical hybrid state between a polarized single photon and a coherent field can be highly robust against detection inefficiency. The Bell violation occurs until the efficiency becomes as low as…
We experimentally observe the two-photon interference of multimode photon pairs produced by an optical parametric oscillator far below threshold via a michelson interferometer, which shows a multipeaked structure. We find that the…
We propose a possible setup of testing the Bell's inequality in mesoscopic conductors. The particular implementation uses two coupled electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometers in which electrons are injected into the conductors in the quantum…
Many-photon interference in linear-optics setups can be exploited to generate and detect multipartite entanglement. Without recurring to any inter-particle interaction, many entangled states have been created experimentally, and a panoply…
Multi-photon interference reveals strictly non-classical phenomena. Its applications range from fundamental tests of quantum mechanics to photonic quantum information processing, where a significant fraction of key experiments achieved so…
Bell's inequality is derived from three assumptions: measurement independence, outcome independence, and parameter independence. Among these, measurement independence, often taken for granted, holds that hidden variables are statistically…
We investigate a method to produce photon pairs by four-wave mixing in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). By controlling the wavelength of the pump light, which determines the phase matching condition for four-wave mixing, we can obtain a…
We report the generation of polarization-entangled photons, using a quantum dot single photon source, linear optics and photodetectors. Two photons created independently are observed to violate Bell's inequality. The density matrix…
Interferometric phase measurement is widely used to precisely determine quantities such as length, speed, and material properties. Without quantum correlations, the best phase sensitivity $\Delta\varphi$ achievable using $n$ photons is the…
We demonstrate one- and two-photon diffraction and interference experiments utilizing parametric down-converted photon pairs (biphotons) and a transmission grating. With two-photon detection, the biphoton exhibits a diffraction-interference…
Identical particles exhibit correlations even in the absence of inter-particle interaction, due to the exchange (anti)symmetry of the many-particle wavefunction. Two fermions obey the Pauli principle and anti-bunch, whereas two bosons favor…
The light scalar mesons, discovered over forty years ago, became a challenge for the naive quark-antiquark model from the outset. At present the nontrivial nature of these states is no longer denied practically anybody. Two-photon physics…
The visibility of the quantum interference "dip" seen in the Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment is optimized when a symmetric 50/50 beamsplitter is used in the interferometer. Here we show that the reduction in visibility caused by an asymmetric…
Using the theory of imaging with partially coherent light, we derive general expressions for different kinds of interferometric setups like double slit, shift and mirror interference. We show that in all cases the interference patterns…
The joint realm of quantum mechanics and the general-relativistic description of gravitation is becoming increasingly accessible to terrestrial experiments and observations. In this essay we study the emerging indications of the violation…