Related papers: Gapless Topological Order, Gravity, and Black Hole…
Topological order (long-range entanglement) is a new type of order that beyond Landau's symmetry breaking theory. This concept plays important roles in modern condensed matter physics. The topological entanglement entropy provides a…
In this work we present some new understanding of topological order, including three main aspects: (1) It was believed that classifying topological orders corresponds to classifying gapped quantum states. We show that such a statement is…
We prove sufficient conditions for Topological Quantum Order at both zero and finite temperatures. The crux of the proof hinges on the existence of low-dimensional Gauge-Like Symmetries (that notably extend and differ from standard local…
We consider manifestations of topological order in time-reversal-symmetric fractional topological liquids (TRS-FTLs), defined on planar surfaces with holes. We derive a formula for the topological ground state degeneracy of such a TRS-FTL,…
Topological order (long-range entanglement) play important role in modern condensed matter physics. In this paper, we will show that the four dimensional black hole can also have topological order, by showing that the topological…
It is well known that an exponentially localized Hamiltonian must be gapless if its ground state has algebraic correlations. We show that even certain exponentially decaying correlations can imply gaplessness. This is exemplified by the…
We consider a class of non-linear PDE systems, whose equations possess Noether identities (the equations are redundant), including non-variational systems (not coming from Lagrangian field theories), where Noether identities and…
Topological order is a new type order that beyond Landau's symmetry breaking theory. The topological entanglement entropy provides a universal quantum number to characterize the topological order in a system. The topological entanglement…
Based on perturbation theory, we present the exact first-order solution to the Einstein equations for the exterior static gravitational field of an isolated non-rotating star in a spatially finite universe having the topology of a flat…
Spherically symmetric static topological black hole solutions associated with some extended higher order gravitational models in the presence of a Maxwell-field are derived by means of simple Lagrangian method, based on spherically…
I present a model of discrete gravity, which is formulated in terms of a topological gauge theory with defects. The theory has no local degrees of freedom and the gravitational field is trivial everywhere except at a number of colliding…
Topological materials have become the focus of intense research in recent years, since they exhibit fundamentally new physical phenomena with potential applications for novel devices and quantum information technology. One of the hallmarks…
In general relativity without a cosmological constant, a classical theorem due to Hawking states that stationary black holes must be topologically spherical. This result is one of the several ingredients that collectively imply the…
We investigate the black hole information paradox in the setting of pseudo-complex gravity, a covariant geometric extension of general relativity that introduces a minimal length scale by deforming the spacetime manifold. In this framework,…
We investigate a generalization of topological order from closed systems to open systems, for which the steady states take the place of ground states. We construct typical lattice models with steady-state topological order, and characterize…
We construct the most general, to cubic order in curvature, theory of gravity whose (most general) static spherically symmetric vacuum solutions are fully described by a single field equation. The theory possess the following remarkable…
Topological gravity is the reduction of Einstein's theory to spacetimes with vanishing curvature, but with global degrees of freedom related to the topology of the universe. We present an exact Hamiltonian lattice theory for topological…
In topological phases of matter, the interplay between intrinsic topological order and global symmetry is an interesting task. In the study of topological orders with discrete global symmetry, an important systematic approach is the…
In recent years, attempts to generalize lattice gauge theories to model topological order have been carried out through the so called $2$-gauge theories. These have opened the door to interesting new models and new topological phases which…
This thesis is dedicated to the study of symmetries in reduced models of gravity, with some frozen degrees of freedom. We focus on the minisuperspace reduction whith a finite number of degrees of freedom. Minisuperspaces are treated as…