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The echo state network (ESN) is a special type of recurrent neural networks for processing the time-series dataset. However, limited by the strong correlation among sequential samples of the agent, ESN-based policy control algorithms are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Chunyuan Zhang , Chao Liu , Qi Song , Jie Zhao

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are typically presented as efficient, readout-trained recurrent models, yet their dynamics and design are often guided by heuristics rather than first principles. We recast ESNs explicitly as state-space models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Pradeep Singh , Balasubramanian Raman

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are widely-used Recurrent Neural Networks. They are dynamical systems including, in state-space form, a nonlinear state equation and a linear output transformation. The common procedure to train ESNs is to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-05 Luca Bugliari Armenio , Lorenzo Fagiano , Enrico Terzi , Marcello Farina , Riccardo Scattolini

An echo state network (ESN) is a type of reservoir computer that uses a recurrent neural network with a sparsely connected hidden layer. Compared with other recurrent neural networks, one great advantage of ESN is the simplicity of its…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-17 Clement Dinh , Yunhao Fan , Gia-Wei Chern

For applications on the extreme edge, minimal networks of only a few dozen artificial neurons for event detection and classification in discrete time signals would be highly desirable. Feed-forward networks, RNNs, and CNNs evolved through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Christian Kroos , Fabian Küch

Echo State Network (ESN) presents a distinguished kind of recurrent neural networks. It is built upon a sparse, random and large hidden infrastructure called reservoir. ESNs have succeeded in dealing with several non-linear problems such as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Naima Chouikhi , Boudour Ammar , Adel M. Alimi

We investigate a phase transition from linear to nonlinear information processing in echo state networks, a widely used framework in reservoir computing. The network consists of randomly connected recurrent nodes perturbed by a noise and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-11-25 Masaya Matsumura , Taiki Haga

A method is provided for designing and training noise-driven recurrent neural networks as models of stochastic processes. The method unifies and generalizes two known separate modeling approaches, Echo State Networks (ESN) and Linear…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2014-04-14 Mathieu N. Galtier , Camille Marini , Gilles Wainrib , Herbert Jaeger

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are simplified recurrent neural network models composed of a reservoir and a linear, trainable readout layer. The reservoir is tunable by some hyper-parameters that control the network behaviour. ESNs are known to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Pietro Verzelli , Lorenzo Livi , Cesare Alippi

Reservoir computing, using nonlinear dynamical systems, offers a cost-effective alternative to neural networks for complex tasks involving processing of sequential data, time series modeling, and system identification. Echo state networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Peter J. Ehlers , Hendra I. Nurdin , Daniel Soh

Manually labeled corpora are expensive to create and often not available for low-resource languages or domains. Automatic labeling approaches are an alternative way to obtain labeled data in a quicker and cheaper way. However, these labels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Although largely different concepts, echo state networks and compressed sensing models both rely on collections of random weights; as the reservoir dynamics for echo state networks, and the sensing coefficients in compressed sensing.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Ashley Prater-Bennette

Recently, the field of hardware neural networks has been actively developing, where neurons and their connections are not simulated on a computer but are implemented at the physical level, transforming the neural network into a tangible…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Ivan Kolesnikov , Nadezhda Semenova

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have demonstrated their outstanding ability in sequence tasks and have achieved state-of-the-art in wide range of applications, such as industrial, medical, economic and linguistic. Echo State Network (ESN)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Chenxi Sun , Moxian Song , Shenda Hong , Hongyan Li

Neural networks provide a prospective tool for error mitigation in quantum simulation of physical systems. However, we need both noisy and noise-free data to train neural networks to mitigate errors in quantum computing results. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 D. V. Babukhin

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are a particular type of untrained Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) within the Reservoir Computing (RC) framework, popular for their fast and efficient learning. However, traditional ESNs often struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Matteo Pinna , Andrea Ceni , Claudio Gallicchio

Temporal data modelling techniques with neural networks are useful in many domain applications, including time-series forecasting and control engineering. This paper aims at developing a recurrent version of stochastic configuration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Dianhui Wang , Gang Dang

Echo state network (ESN), a kind of recurrent neural networks, consists of a fixed reservoir in which neurons are connected randomly and recursively and obtains the desired output only by training output connection weights. First-order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yansong Li , Kai Hu , Kohei Nakajima , Yongping Pan

Speech recognition in noisy and channel distorted scenarios is often challenging as the current acoustic modeling schemes are not adaptive to the changes in the signal distribution in the presence of noise. In this work, we develop a novel…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-03 Purvi Agrawal , Sriram Ganapathy

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are recurrent neural networks that only train their output layer, thereby precluding the need to backpropagate gradients through time, which leads to significant computational gains. Nevertheless, a common issue…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Jacob Reinier Maat , Nikos Gianniotis , Pavlos Protopapas