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Probabilistic decoding in Large Language Models (LLMs) often yields inconsistent outputs, particularly on complex or long-form questions. Self-Consistency (SC) mitigates this for short-form QA by majority voting over exact strings, whereas…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Jungsuk Oh , Jay-Yoon Lee

Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is a widely used inference method in Bayesian statistics to bypass the point-wise computation of the likelihood. In this paper we develop theoretical bounds for the distance between the statistics used…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-03 James Ridgway

In this work, we define new sequence spaces by combining generalized weighted mean and difference operator. Afterward, we investigate topological structure which are completeness, AK-property, AD-property. Also, we compute the alpha, beta…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2010-07-27 Harun Polat , Vatan Karakaya , Necip Simsek

In this paper we explore stochastical and statistical properties of so-called recurring spike induced Kasner sequences. Such sequences arise in recurring spike formation, which is needed together with the more familiar BKL scenario to yield…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-08-28 J. Mark Heinzle , Claes Uggla

The kernel of analysis, to me anyway, is the following idea: A point is arbitrarily close to a set if every neighborhood of the point intersects the set. Defining ``arbitrarily close'' in this way provides a foundation for classical results…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-08-22 John A. Rock

This paper examines the completion of an w-ordered sequence of recursive definitions which on the one hand defines an increasing sequence of nested set and on the other redefines successively a numeric variable as the cardinal of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-01-30 Antonio Leon

In this article, we consider some simple combinatorial game and a winning strategy in this game. This game is then used to prove several known results about non-repetitive sequences and approximations with denominators from a lacunary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-27 Matthieu Rosenfeld , Alexander Shen

For an arbitrary homogeneous linear recurrence sequence of order d with constant coefficients, we derive recurrence relations for all subsequences with indices in arithmetic progression. The coefficients of these recurrences are given…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Daniel Birmajer , Juan B. Gil , Michael D. Weiner

The recently emerged spectral clustering surpasses conventional clustering methods by detecting clusters of any shape without the convexity assumption. Unfortunately, with a computational complexity of $O(n^3)$, it was infeasible for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Mashaan Alshammari , Masahiro Takatsuka

Second order approximate ancillaries have evolved as the primary ingredient for recent likelihood development in statistical inference. This uses quantile functions rather than the equivalent distribution functions, and the intrinsic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-29 Ailana M. Fraser , D. A. S. Fraser , Ana-Maria Staicu

Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC for short) is a family of computational techniques which offer an almost automated solution in situations where evaluation of the posterior likelihood is computationally prohibitive, or whenever…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-04 Gérard Biau , Frédéric Cérou , Arnaud Guyader

Consider the smooth sections of the tangent bundle of a reductive homogeneous space. This is a vector space over the field of real numbers. The canonical connection acts as a linear binary operator on this vector space, making it an…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-08-22 Jonatan Stava

The categorical models of the differential lambda-calculus are additive categories because of the Leibniz rule which requires the summation of two expressions. This means that, as far as the differential lambda-calculus and differential…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Thomas Ehrhard

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), temporal convolutions, and neural differential equations (NDEs) are popular families of deep learning models for time-series data, each with unique strengths and tradeoffs in modeling power and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Albert Gu , Isys Johnson , Karan Goel , Khaled Saab , Tri Dao , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

We consider series of the form $$ \frac{p}{q} +\sum_{j=2}^\infty \frac{1}{x_j}, $$ where $x_1=q$ and the integer sequence $(x_n)$ satisfies a certain non-autonomous recurrence of second order, which entails that $x_n|x_{n+1}$ for $n\geq 1$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-11 Andrew N. W. Hone

Let S(1) be the segment [-1,1], and define the segments S(n) recursively in the following manner: let S(n+1) be the intersection of S(n) and a(n+1) + S(1), where the point a(n+1) is chosen randomly on the segment S(n) with uniform…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-28 Gergely Ambrus , Péter Kevei , Viktor Vígh

SEQUITUR is an algorithm that infers a hierarchical structure from a sequence of discrete symbols by replacing repeated phrases with a grammatical rule that generates the phrase, and continuing this process recursively. The result is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-09-25 C. G. Nevill-Manning , I. H. Witten

In this paper, we define a stochastic adding machine based on Cantor Systems of numeration. We also compute the parts of spectra of the transition operator associated to this stochastic adding machine in different Banach spaces as $c_0, c$…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-07-29 Ali Messaoudi , Glauco Valle

In this article we focus on dynamic network data which describe interactions among a fixed population through time. We model this data using the latent space framework, in which the probability of a connection forming is expressed as a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-21 Kathryn Turnbull , Christopher Nemeth , Matthew Nunes , Tyler McCormick

We study the relation between the intrinsic and the spatial numerical ranges with the recently introduced "approximated" spatial numerical range. As main result, we show that the intrinsic numerical range always coincides with the convex…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-25 Miguel Martin