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The boxicity of a graph G is defined as the minimum integer k such that G is an intersection graph of axis-parallel k-dimensional boxes. Chordal bipartite graphs are bipartite graphs that do not contain an induced cycle of length greater…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-06-04 L. Sunil Chandran , Mathew C. Francis , Rogers Mathew

A cograph is a simple graph which contains no path on 4 vertices as an induced subgraph. The vicinal preorder on the vertex set of a graph is defined in terms of inclusions among the neighborhoods of vertices. The minimum number of chains…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-20 Ebrahim Ghorbani

Bipartite graphs are often found to represent the connectivity between the components of many systems such as ecosystems. A bipartite graph is a set of $n$ nodes that is decomposed into two disjoint subsets, having $m$ and $n-m$ vertices…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-01-01 C. T. Martinez-Martinez , J. A. Mendez-Bermudez , Yamir Moreno , Jair J. Pineda-Pineda , Jose M. Sigarreta

This paper investigates the asymptotic nature of graph spectra when some edges of a graph are subdivided sufficiently many times. In the special case where all edges of a graph are subdivided, we find the exact limits of the $k$-th largest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Hitesh Kumar , Bojan Mohar , Shivaramakrishna Pragada , Hanmeng Zhan

Recently the collection $\cal G$ of all signed graphs for which the adjacency matrix has all but at most two eigenvalues equal to $\pm 1$ has been determined. Here we investigate $\cal G$ for cospectral pairs, and for signed graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-30 Willem H. Haemers , Hatice Topcu

The adjacency matrices of graphs form a special subset of the set of all integer symmetric matrices. The description of which graphs have all their eigenvalues in the interval [-2,2] (i.e., those having spectral radius at most 2) has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-17 James McKee , Chris Smyth

Guo and Royle recently classified the connected cubic graphs without eigenvalues of their adjacency matrix in the open interval $(-1, 1)$, and raised the question of extending their classification to graphs of maximum degree at most $3$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-01 Shenwei Huang , Zilin Jiang

A pseudo $(v,\, k,\, \la)$-design is a pair $(X, {\cal B})$ where $X$ is a $v$-set and ${\cal B}=\{B_1,...,B_{v-1}\}$ is a collection of $k$-subsets (blocks) of $X$ such that each two distinct $B_i, B_j$ intersect in $\la$ elements; and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-15 Ebrahim Ghorbani

In this paper, we present two sharp upper bounds for the spectral radius of (bipartite) graphs with forbidden a star forest and characterize all extremal graphs. Moreover, the minimum least eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of graph with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Ming-Zhu Chen , A-Ming Liu , Xiao-Dong Zhang

We examine indivisibility for classes of graphs. We show that the class of hereditarily $\alpha$-sparse graphs is indivisible if and only if $\alpha > 2$. Additionally, we show that the following classes of graphs are indivisible: perfect…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Vince Guingona , Felix Nusbaum , Zain Padamsee , Miriam Parnes , Christian Pippin , Ava Zinman

Hypergraphs are a generalization of graphs in which edges can connect any number of vertices. They allow the modeling of complex networks with higher-order interactions, and their spectral theory studies the qualitative properties that can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-01 Raffaella Mulas

An eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph is said to be \emph{main} if the all-1 vector is not orthogonal to the associated eigenspace. In this work, we approach the main eigenvalues of some graphs. The graphs with exactly two main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Nair Abreu , Domingos M. Cardoso , Francisca A. M. França , Cybele T. M. Vinagre

A vertex with neighbours of degrees $d_1 \geq ... \geq d_r$ has {\em vertex type} $(d_1, ..., d_r)$. A graph is {\em vertex-oblique} if each vertex has a distinct vertex-type. While no graph can have distinct degrees, Schreyer, Walther and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alastair Farrugia

A graph is near-bipartite if its vertex set can be partitioned into an independent set and a set which induces a forest. In this paper, planar graphs without cycles of length from 4 to 7 are shown to be near-bipartite.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-21 Lili Hao , Weihua Yang , Shuang Zhao

The paper consider an equivalence relation in the set of vertices of a bipartite graph. Some numerical characteristics showing the cardinality of equivalence classes are introduced. A combinatorial identity that is in relationship to these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-28 Krasimir Yordzhev

The conjecture of Bollob\'as and Koml\'os, recently proved by B\"ottcher, Schacht, and Taraz [Math. Ann. 343(1), 175--205, 2009], implies that for any $\gamma>0$, every balanced bipartite graph on $2n$ vertices with bounded degree and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-28 Julia Böttcher , Peter Christian Heinig , Anusch Taraz

A graph $G$ with four or more vertices is called bicritical if the removal of any pair of distinct vertices of $G$ results in a graph with a perfect matching. A bicritical graph is minimal if the deletion of each edge results in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Jing Guo , Hailun Wu , Heping Zhang

An {\em antimagic labeling} of a graph with $m$ edges and $n$ vertices is a bijection from the set of edges to the integers $1,...,m$ such that all $n$ vertex sums are pairwise distinct, where a vertex sum is the sum of labels of all edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. Alon , G. Kaplan , A. Lev , Y. Roditty , R. Yuster

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,\ldots,t$ is an interval $t$-coloring if all colors are used, and the colors of edges incident to each vertex of $G$ are distinct and form an interval of integers. A graph $G$ is interval…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Hrant Khachatrian , Tigran Mamikonyan

We characterize all graphs for which there are eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian having all their components in {-1,+1} or {-1,0,+ 1}. Graphs having eigenvectors with components in {-1,+1} are called bivalent and are shown to be the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-19 J-G. Caputo , I. Khames , A. Knippel