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Neural networks trained with backpropagation often struggle to identify classes that have been observed a small number of times. In applications where most class labels are rare, such as language modelling, this can become a performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Jack W Rae , Chris Dyer , Peter Dayan , Timothy P Lillicrap

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enhanced natural-language reasoning. However, their limited parametric memory and susceptibility to hallucination present persistent challenges for tasks requiring accurate,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yu-Hsuan Lin , Qian-Hui Chen , Yi-Jie Cheng , Jia-Ren Zhang , Yi-Hung Liu , Liang-Yu Hsia , Yun-Nung Chen

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are theoretically Turing-complete and established themselves as a dominant model for language processing. Yet, there still remains an uncertainty regarding their language learning capabilities. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Mirac Suzgun , Yonatan Belinkov , Stuart M. Shieber

Label propagation is a powerful and flexible semi-supervised learning technique on graphs. Neural networks, on the other hand, have proven track records in many supervised learning tasks. In this work, we propose a training framework with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Thang D. Bui , Sujith Ravi , Vivek Ramavajjala

We propose a novel method called Long Expressive Memory (LEM) for learning long-term sequential dependencies. LEM is gradient-based, it can efficiently process sequential tasks with very long-term dependencies, and it is sufficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 T. Konstantin Rusch , Siddhartha Mishra , N. Benjamin Erichson , Michael W. Mahoney

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), and specifically a variant with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are enjoying renewed interest as a result of successful applications in a wide range of machine learning problems that involve sequential data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-18 Andrej Karpathy , Justin Johnson , Li Fei-Fei

Linguistic sequence labeling is a general modeling approach that encompasses a variety of problems, such as part-of-speech tagging and named entity recognition. Recent advances in neural networks (NNs) make it possible to build reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Liyuan Liu , Jingbo Shang , Frank F. Xu , Xiang Ren , Huan Gui , Jian Peng , Jiawei Han

Recurrent neural networks can learn complex transduction problems that require maintaining and actively exploiting a memory of their inputs. Such models traditionally consider memory and input-output functionalities indissolubly entangled.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Davide Bacciu , Antonio Carta , Alessandro Sperduti

Recently, strong results have been demonstrated by Deep Recurrent Neural Networks on natural language transduction problems. In this paper we explore the representational power of these models using synthetic grammars designed to exhibit…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-04 Edward Grefenstette , Karl Moritz Hermann , Mustafa Suleyman , Phil Blunsom

Recurrent neural networks have been the dominant models for many speech and language processing tasks. However, we understand little about the behavior and the class of functions recurrent networks can realize. Moreover, the heuristics used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Hao Tang , James Glass

In this paper, we propose an efficient transfer leaning methods for training a personalized language model using a recurrent neural network with long short-term memory architecture. With our proposed fast transfer learning schemes, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Seunghyun Yoon , Hyeongu Yun , Yuna Kim , Gyu-tae Park , Kyomin Jung

In this work, we aim at equipping pre-trained language models with structured knowledge. We present two self-supervised tasks learning over raw text with the guidance from knowledge graphs. Building upon entity-level masked language models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Tao Shen , Yi Mao , Pengcheng He , Guodong Long , Adam Trischler , Weizhu Chen

Inter-sentence relation extraction deals with a number of complex semantic relationships in documents, which require local, non-local, syntactic and semantic dependencies. Existing methods do not fully exploit such dependencies. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Sunil Kumar Sahu , Fenia Christopoulou , Makoto Miwa , Sophia Ananiadou

This study proposed a knowledge graph entity extraction and relationship reasoning algorithm based on a graph neural network, using a graph convolutional network and graph attention network to model the complex structure in the knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Junliang Du , Guiran Liu , Jia Gao , Xiaoxuan Liao , Jiacheng Hu , Linxiao Wu

Deep learning models suffer from opaqueness. For Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), current research strategies for explaining models focus on the target classes within the associated training dataset. As a result, the understanding of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Xuehao Liu , Sarah Jane Delany , Susan McKeever

Massive language models are the core of modern NLP modeling and have been shown to encode impressive amounts of commonsense and factual information. However, that knowledge exists only within the latent parameters of the model, inaccessible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Pat Verga , Haitian Sun , Livio Baldini Soares , William W. Cohen

Breakthroughs in deep learning and memory networks have made major advances in natural language understanding. Language is sequential and information carried through the sequence can be captured through memory networks. Learning the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Anupiya Nugaliyadde

Graphs are a commonly used construct for representing relationships between elements in complex high dimensional datasets. Many real-world phenomenon are dynamic in nature, meaning that any graph used to represent them is inherently…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Stephen Bonner , John Brennan , Ibad Kureshi , Georgios Theodoropoulos , Andrew Stephen McGough , Boguslaw Obara

A key aspect of human intelligence is the ability to infer abstract rules directly from high-dimensional sensory data, and to do so given only a limited amount of training experience. Deep neural network algorithms have proven to be a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Taylor W. Webb , Ishan Sinha , Jonathan D. Cohen

Document-level relation extraction is a complex human process that requires logical inference to extract relationships between named entities in text. Existing approaches use graph-based neural models with words as nodes and edges as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Fenia Christopoulou , Makoto Miwa , Sophia Ananiadou