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Machine learning (ML) started to become widely deployed in cyber security settings for shortening the detection cycle of cyber attacks. To date, most ML-based systems are either proprietary or make specific choices of feature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Talha Ongun , Timothy Sakharaov , Simona Boboila , Alina Oprea , Tina Eliassi-Rad

Encryption-based attacks have introduced significant challenges for detection mechanisms that rely on predefined signatures, heuristic indicators, or static rule-based classifications. Probabilistic Latent Encryption Mapping presents an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Mohammad Eisa , Quentin Yardley , Rafael Witherspoon , Harriet Pendlebury , Clement Rutherford

The constant increase of devices connected to the Internet, and therefore of cyber-attacks, makes it necessary to analyze network traffic in order to recognize malicious activity. Traditional packet-based analysis methods are insufficient…

Detection of malware-infected computers and detection of malicious web domains based on their encrypted HTTPS traffic are challenging problems, because only addresses, timestamps, and data volumes are observable. The detection problems are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Paul Prasse , Rene Knaebel , Lukas Machlica , Tomas Pevny , Tobias Scheffer

Program obfuscation is increasingly popular among malware creators. Objectively comparing different malware detection approaches with respect to their resilience against obfuscation is challenging. To the best of our knowledge, there is no…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-16 Sebastian Banescu , Tobias Wüchner , Marius Guggenmos , Martín Ochoa , Alexander Pretschner

Modern vehicles rely on electronic control units (ECUs) interconnected through the Controller Area Network (CAN), making in-vehicle communication a critical security concern. Machine learning (ML)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nirab Hossain , Pablo Moriano

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are deployed in more and more classification systems, but adversarial samples can be maliciously crafted to trick them, and are becoming a real threat. There have been various proposals to improve CNNs'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Ilia Shumailov , Yiren Zhao , Robert Mullins , Ross Anderson

Supervised machine learning techniques rely on labeled data to achieve high task performance, but this requires the labels to capture some meaningful differences in the underlying data structure. For training network intrusion detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Meghan Wilkinson , Robert H Thomson

With the growing significance of network security, the classification of encrypted traffic has emerged as an urgent challenge. Traditional byte-based traffic analysis methods are constrained by the rigid granularity of information and fail…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Haozhen Zhang , Haodong Yue , Xi Xiao , Le Yu , Qing Li , Zhen Ling , Ye Zhang

Cyber-physical-social connectivity is a key element in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) due to the ever-increasing interaction between human users and technological systems. Such connectivity translates the ITSs into dynamical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-22 Tanushree Roy , Sara Sattarzadeh , Satadru Dey

Smart contracts have transformed decentralized finance by enabling programmable, trustless transactions. However, their widespread adoption and growing financial significance have attracted persistent and sophisticated threats, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Pasquale De Rosa , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

In this paper, we consider that, in practice, attack scenarios involving side-channel analysis combine two successive phases:an analysis phase, targeting the extraction of information about the target and the identification of possible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Lionel Morel , Damien Couroussé , Thomas Hiscock

Over past years, the manually methods to create detection rules were no longer practical in the anti-malware product since the number of malware threats has been growing. Thus, the turn to the machine learning approaches is a promising way…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Khanh Huu The Dam , Charles-Henry Bertrand Van Ouytsel , Axel Legay

Malware writers frequently try to hide the activities of their agents within tunnelled traffic. Within the Kill Chain model the infection time is often measured in seconds, and if the infection is not detected and blocked, the malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Peter McLaren , William J Buchanan , Gordon Russell , Zhiyuan Tan

Network side channels (NSCs) leak secrets through packet timing and packet sizes. They are of particular concern in public IaaS Clouds, where any tenant may be able to colocate and indirectly observe a victim's traffic shape. We present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Aastha Mehta , Mohamed Alzayat , Roberta de Viti , Björn B. Brandenburg , Peter Druschel , Deepak Garg

Traffic classification, a technique for assigning network flows to predefined categories, has been widely deployed in enterprise and carrier networks. With the massive adoption of mobile devices, encryption is increasingly used in mobile…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Kun Qiu , Ying Wang , Baoqian Li , Wenjun Zhu

In today's interconnected digital landscape, the proliferation of malware poses a significant threat to the security and stability of computer networks and systems worldwide. As the complexity of malicious tactics, techniques, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Dhruv Nandakumar , Devin Quinn , Elijah Soba , Eunyoung Kim , Christopher Redino , Chris Chan , Kevin Choi , Abdul Rahman , Edward Bowen

Power side-channel attacks are a very effective cryptanalysis technique that can infer secret keys of security ICs by monitoring the power consumption. Since the emergence of practical attacks in the late 90s, they have been a major threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-05-04 Lu Zhang , Luis Vega , Michael Taylor

Full-packet encryption is a technique used by modern evasive Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) to avoid protocol-based flagging from censorship models by disguising their traffic as random noise on the network. Traditional methods for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Amy Iris Parker

With the increasingly rapid development of new malicious computer software by bad faith actors, both commercial and research-oriented antivirus detectors have come to make greater use of machine learning tactics to identify such malware as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Hamish Spencer , Wei Wang , Ruoxi Sun , Minhui Xue