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Wearable distributed tactile devices aim to provide multipoint touch stimuli, but struggle to provide sufficient forces (> 1 N) at frequencies to invoke deep pressure sensation with minimal encumbrance at small scales. This work presents a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ava Chen , Megan C. Coram , Cosima du Pasquier , Allison M. Okamura

Incorporating effective tactile sensing and mechanical compliance is key towards enabling robust and safe operation of robots in unknown, uncertain and cluttered environments. Towards realizing this goal, we present a lightweight,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Alex Alspach , Kunimatsu Hashimoto , Naveen Kuppuswamy , Russ Tedrake

Soft grippers are receiving growing attention due to their compliance-based interactive safety and dexterity. Hybrid gripper (soft actuators enhanced by rigid constraints) is a new trend in soft gripper design. With right structural…

We propose a mechanically simple and cheap design for a series elastic actuator with controllable stiffness. Such characteristics are necessary for animals for running, jumping, throwing, and manipulation, yet in robots, variable stiffness…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Sajiv Shah , Brad Saund

This paper presents the simple synergistic combination of a novel contracting soft pneumatic actuator with a soft clutch (linear brake). The device is designated the Inverting-tube Vacuum ACtuator with Clutch (InVACC). The actuator alone…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Wyatt Felt

Fluid-based soft actuators are an attractive option for lightweight and human-safe robots. These actuators, combined with fluid pressure force feedback, are in principle a form of series-elastic actuation (SEA), in which nearly all…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Chunpeng Wang , John P. Whitney

This paper proposes a new type of actuator at millimeter scale, which is based on Simplified Electro-Permanent (SEP) magnets. The new actuator can achieve connection and smooth motion by controlling the polarity of SEP magnets. Analyses…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Li Zhu , Didier El Baz

In the quest for electrically-driven soft actuators, the focus has shifted away from liquid-gas phase transition, commonly associated with reduced strain rates and actuation delays, in favour of electrostatic and other electrothermal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Diogo Fonseca , Pedro Neto

Soft robots have been increasingly utilized as sophisticated tools in physical rehabilitation, particularly for assisting patients with neuromotor impairments. However, many soft robotics for rehabilitation applications are characterized by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Haiyun Zhang , Gabrielle Naquila , Jung Hyun Bae , Zonghuan Wu , Ashwin Hingwe , Ashish Deshpande

We design, build, and thoroughly test a new type of actuator dubbed viscoelastic liquid cooled actuator (VLCA) for robotic applications. VLCAs excel in the following five critical axes of performance: energy efficiency, torque density,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Donghyun Kim , Junhyeok Ahn , Orion Campbell , Nicholas Paine , Luis Sentis

Nematic elastomers are programmable soft materials that display large, reversible and predictable deformation under an external stimulus such as a change in temperature or light. While much of the work in the field has focused on actuation…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-04-07 Victoria Lee , Kaushik Bhattacharya

This paper introduces a novel design method that enhances the force/torque, bendability, and controllability of soft pneumatic actuators (SPAs). The complex structure of the soft actuator is simplified by approximating it as a cantilever…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Wu-Te Yang , Burak Kurkcu , Masayoshi Tomizuka

This paper presents the design and assessment of a fabric-based soft pneumatic actuator with low pressurization requirements for actuation making it suitable for upper extremity assistive devices for infants. The goal is to support shoulder…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Ipsita Sahin , Jared Dube , Caio Mucchiani , Konstantinos Karydis , Elena Kokkoni

Conventional soft pneumatic actuators, typically based on hollow elastomeric chambers, often suffer from small structural support and require costly geometry-specific redesigns for multimodal functionality. Porous materials such as foam,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Canqi Meng , Weibang Bai

Rapid and versatile object manipulation in air is an open challenge. An energy-efficient and adaptive soft gripper combined with an agile aerial vehicle could revolutionize aerial robotic manipulation in areas such as warehousing. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Dario Tscholl , Stephan-Daniel Gravert , Aurel X. Appius , Robert K. Katzschmann

Numerous soft actuators based on PneuNet design have already been proposed and extensively employed across various soft robotics applications in recent years. Despite their widespread use, a common limitation of most existing designs is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Dickson Chiu Yu Wong , Mingtan Li , Shijie Kang , Lifan Luo , Hongyu Yu

Lightweight, durable textile-based inflatable soft actuators are widely used in soft robotics, particularly for wearable robots in rehabilitation and in enhancing human performance in demanding jobs. Fabricating these actuators typically…

Recently, magnetorheological elastomers have become an interesting smart material with many new designs for robotics. A variety of applications have been built with magnetorheological elastomers, such as vibration absorbers, actuators, or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Jakub Bernat , Pawel Czopek , Paulina Superczynska , Piotr Gajewski , Agnieszka Marcinkowska

Impressive animal locomotion capabilities are mediated by the co-evolution of the skeletal morphology and muscular properties. Legged robot performance would also likely benefit from the co-optimization of actuators and leg morphology.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Karthik Urs , Challen Enninful Adu , Elliott J. Rouse , Talia Y. Moore

Miniature locomotion robots with the ability to navigate confined environments show great promise for a wide range of tasks, including search and rescue operations. Soft miniature locomotion robots, as a burgeoning field, have attracted…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Quan Xiong , Xuanyi Zhou , Jonathan William Ambrose , Raye Chen-Hua Yeow