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One of the simplest examples of non-invertible symmetries in higher dimensions appears in 4d Maxwell theory, where its $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ duality group can be combined with gauging subgroups of its electric and magnetic 1-form symmetries to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-11 Orr Sela

We summarize interactions between vertex operator algebras and number theory through the lens of Zhu theory. The paper begins by recalling basic facts on vertex operator algebras (VOAs) and modular forms, and then explains Zhu's theorem on…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-11-01 Cameron Franc , Geoffrey Mason

We give a general criterion for conformal embeddings of vertex operator algebras associated to affine Lie algebras at arbitrary levels. Using that criterion, we construct new conformal embeddings at admissible rational and negative integer…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2011-05-31 Drazen Adamovic , Ozren Perse

We describe a completely algebraic axiom system for intertwining operators of vertex algebra modules, using algebraic flat connections, thus formulating the concept of a {\em tree algebra}. Using the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence, we…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2011-02-11 Igor Kriz , Yang Xiu

Topological duality defects arise as codimension one generalized symmetry operators in quantum field theories (QFTs) with a duality symmetry. Recent investigations have shown that in the case of 4D $\mathcal{N} = 4$ Super Yang-Mills (SYM)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-17 Jonathan J. Heckman , Max Hubner , Ethan Torres , Xingyang Yu , Hao Y. Zhang

The notions of vertex Lie algebra and vertex Poisson algebra are presented and connections among vertex Lie algebras, vertex Poisson algebras and vertex algebras are discussed.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 C. Dong , H. Li , G. Mason

The homotopy Lie or $L_{\infty}$ algebra encoding Yang-Mills theory is the tensor product of a color Lie algebra with the kinematic $C_{\infty}$ algebra. We derive this $C_{\infty}$ algebra, via homotopy transfer, from a strict operator…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-26 Roberto Bonezzi , Christoph Chiaffrino , Olaf Hohm , Maria Foteini Kallimani

We propose a relation between the operator of S-duality (of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in 3+1D) and a topological theory in one dimension lower. We construct the topological theory by compactifying N=4 super Yang-Mills on a circle with an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-12-21 Ori J. Ganor , Yoon Pyo Hong

For every $m \in {\C} \setminus \{0, -2\}$ and every nonnegative integer $k$ we define the vertex operator (super)algebra $D_{m,k}$ having two generators and rank $ \frac{3 m}{m + 2}$. If $m$ is a positive integer then $D_{m,k}$ can be…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Drazen Adamovic

We study the subalgebra of the lattice vertex operator algebra $V_{\sqrt{2}A_2}$ consisting of the fixed points of an automorphism which is induced from an order 3 isometry of the root lattice $A_2$. We classify the simple modules for the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2013-12-18 Kenichiro Tanabe , Hiromichi Yamada

A complexification of the twisted $\N=2$ theory allows one to determine the N=4 Yang--Mills theory in its third twist formulation. The imaginary part of the gauge symmetry is used to eliminate two scalars fields and create gauge covariant…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-06 Laurent Baulieu

We introduce a notion of $Q$-algebra that can be considered as a generalization of the notion of $Q$-manifold (a supermanifold equipped with an odd vector field obeying $\{Q,Q\} =0$). We develop the theory of connections on modules over…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Albert Schwarz

From the defining exchange relations of the A_{q,p}(gl_{N}) elliptic quantum algebra, we construct subalgebras which can be characterized as q-deformed W_N algebras. The consistency conditions relating the parameters p,q,N and the central…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2008-11-26 D. Arnaudon , J. Avan , L. Frappat , E. Ragoucy , J. Shiraishi

Quadratic algebras are generalizations of Lie algebras; they include the symmetry algebras of 2nd order superintegrable systems in 2 dimensions as special cases. The superintegrable systems are exactly solvable physical systems in classical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-07 Ernest G. Kalnins , Willard Miller

Let $P(N,V)$ denote the vector space of polynomials of maximal degree less than or equal to $N$ in $V$ independent variables. This space is preserved by the enveloping algebra generated by a set of linear, differential operators…

q-alg · Mathematics 2009-10-30 Yves Brihaye , Jean Nuyts

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a basic Lie superalgebra and $f$ be an odd nilpotent element in an $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$ subalgebra of $\mathfrak{g}$. We provide a mathematical proof of the statement that the W-algebra $W^k(\mathfrak{g},F)$ for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Andrew Linshaw , Arim Song , Uhi Rinn Suh

Vertex algebras provide an axiomatic algebraic description of the operator product expansion (OPE) of chiral fields in 2-dimensional conformal field theory. Vertex Lie algebras (= Lie conformal algebras) encode the singular part of the OPE,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bojko Bakalov

Unitary vertex operator algebras are introduced and studied. It is proved that most well-known rational vertex operator algebras are unitary. The classification of unitary vertex operator algebras with central charge c less than or equal to…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2013-08-13 Chongying Dong , Xingjun Lin

A universal class of light-ray operators formed from null integrals of the stress tensor is constructed in generic interacting Lorentzian conformal field theories in four spacetime dimensions. This class of light-ray operators generates the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-23 Elizabeth Himwich , Monica Pate

Contour gauges are discussed in the framework of canonical formalism. We find flux operator algebras with the structure constants of underlying Yang-Mills theory.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Leszek Lukaszuk