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[Abridged] We study the properties, evolution and formation mechanisms of isolated field elliptical galaxies. We create a mock catalogue of isolated field elliptical galaxies from the Millennium Simulation Galaxy Catalogue, and trace their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Sami-Matias Niemi , Pekka Heinämäki , Pasi Nurmi , Enn Saar

In this work, we analyze a sample of $\sim$4000 massive ($M_*\geq 10^{11} M_\odot$ at $z=0$) galaxies in TNG300, the $(300 \mathrm{Mpc})^3$ box of the IllustrisTNG simulation suite. We characterize the shape and kinematics of these galaxies…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-27 Sahil Hegde , Greg L. Bryan , Shy Genel

We use numerical simulations to study the kinematic structure of remnants formed from mergers of equal-mass disk galaxies. In particular, we show that remnants of dissipational mergers, which include the radiative cooling of gas, star…

Two-dimensional integral field surveys such as ATLAS^3D are producing rich observational data sets yielding insights into galaxy formation. These new kinematic observations have highlighted the need to understand the evolutionary mechanisms…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Christopher E. Moody , Aaron J. Romanowsky , Thomas J. Cox , G. S. Novak , Joel R. Primack

Early-type galaxies (ETGs) show a bimodal distribution in key structural properties like stellar specific angular momentum, kinematic morphology, and nuclear surface brightness profiles. Slow rotator ETGs, mostly found in the densest…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-17 Michele Cappellari

We present image-based evolution of galaxy mergers from the Illustris cosmological simulation at 12 time-steps over 0.5 < z < 5. To do so, we created approximately one million synthetic deep Hubble Space Telescope and James Webb Space…

We present integral-field spectroscopy of 27 galaxies in the Coma cluster observed with the Oxford SWIFT spectrograph, exploring the kinematic morphology-density relationship in a cluster environment richer and denser than any in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 R. C. W. Houghton , Roger L. Davies , F. D'Eugenio , N. Scott , N. Thatte , F. Clarke , M. Tecza , G. S. Salter , L. M. R. Fogarty , T. Goodsall

There is observational evidence for inside-out growth of elliptical galaxies since $z \gtrsim 2-3$, which is not driven by in-situ star formation. Many systems at high redshift have small sizes $\sim 1kpc$ and surface brightness profiles…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-05 Michael Hilz , Thorsten Naab , Jeremiah P. Ostriker

Early-type galaxies (ETGs, i.e. elliptical and lenticular galaxies) differ in their amount of rotational support -- some are purely supported by velocity dispersion, while others show pronounced ordered rotation. Cosmological hydrodynamical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-09 Michal Bilek , Pierre-Alain Duc , Elisabeth Sola

In models of galaxy formation in a hierarchical Universe, elliptical galaxies form through the merging of smaller disk systems. These models yield a number of testable predictions if reliable techniques for determining the relative ages and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel Thomas , Guinevere Kauffmann

The physical mechanisms and timescales that determine the morphological signatures and the quenching of star formation of typical (~L*) elliptical galaxies are not well understood. To address this issue, we have simulated the formation of a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-29 R. Feldmann , C. M. Carollo , L. Mayer

The structural properties of elliptical galaxies are consistent with their formation in a merging hierarchy. In this picture, the role of gaseous processes and dissipation decreased with increasing mass creating preferentially rotationally…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Ralf Bender

Cosmological simulations predict that early-type galaxies (ETGs) are the results of extended mass accretion histories. The latter are characterized by different numbers of mergers, mergers mass ratios and gas fractions, and timing.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-05-20 Magda Arnaboldi , Claudia Pulsoni , Ortwin Gerhard , ePN. S team

We characterize the photometric and kinematic properties of simulated early-type galaxy (ETG) stellar halos, and compare them to observations. We select a sample of ~1200 ETGs in the TNG100 and TNG50 simulations, spanning a stellar mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-09-09 C. Pulsoni , O. Gerhard , M. Arnaboldi , A. Pillepich , D. Nelson , L. Hernquist , V. Springel

It is still a challenge to assess the merger fraction of galaxies at different cosmic epochs in order to probe the evolution of their mass assembly. Using the Illustris cosmological simulations, we investigate the relation between the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-30 E. Ventou , T. Contini , N. Bouché , B. Epinat , J. Brinchmann , H. Inami , J. Richard , I. Schroetter , G. Soucail , M. Steinmetz , P. Weilbacher

Ellipticals in very low density environments are extremely rare but hold important clues about galaxy formation and evolution. In this paper we continue our study of isolated elliptical galaxies, presenting results on the radial stellar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 George Hau , Duncan Forbes

Recent studies have shown that massive quiescent galaxies at high redshift are much more compact than present-day galaxies of the same mass. Here we compare the radial stellar density profiles and the number density of a sample of massive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-15 Rachel Bezanson , Pieter G. van Dokkum , Tomer Tal , Danilo Marchesini , Mariska Kriek , Marijn Franx , Paolo Coppi

Recent studies have shown that massive galaxies in the distant universe are surprisingly compact, with typical sizes about a factor of three smaller than equally massive galaxies in the nearby universe. It has been suggested that these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Preethi Nair , Sidney van den Bergh , Roberto G. Abraham

We present the results of a series of gas dynamical cosmological simulations of the formation of individual massive field galaxies in the standard concordance \LCDM and in a \LWDM cosmology. The galaxies form in an initial burst of star…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lisa J. Wright , Jeremiah P. Ostriker , Thorsten Naab , George Efstathiou

We present a first combined analysis of the morphological and dynamical properties for the Intermediate MAss Galaxy Evolution Sequence (IMAGES) sample. It is a representative sample of 52 z~0.6 galaxies with Mstell from 1.5 to 15 10^10Msun…