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A simple graph more often than not contains adjacent vertices with equal degrees. This in particular holds for all pairs of neighbours in regular graphs, while a lot such pairs can be expected e.g. in many random models. Is there a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Jakub Przybyło

A 2-distance k-coloring of a graph G is a mapping from V (G) to the set of colors {1,. .. , k} such that every two vertices at distance at most 2 receive distinct colors. The 2-distance chromatic number $\chi$ 2 (G) of G is then the mallest…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-03-01 Brahim Benmedjdoub , Eric Sopena , Isma Bouchemakh

A 1-removed subgraph $G_f$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is obtained by $(i)$ selecting at most one edge $f(v)$ for each vertex $v\in V$, such that $v\in f(v)\in E$ (the mapping $f:V\to E \cup \{\varnothing\}$ is allowed to be non-injective), and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Gábor Bacsó , Balázs Patkós , Zsolt Tuza , Máté Vizer

We investigate the group irregularity strength ($s_g(G)$) of graphs, i.e. the smallest value of $s$ such that taking any Abelian group $\gr$ of order $s$, there exists a function $f:E(G)\rightarrow \gr$ such that the sums of edge labels at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-08 Marcin Anholcer , Sylwia Cichacz , Martin Milanic

The strong chromatic number, $\chi_S(G)$, of an $n$-vertex graph $G$ is the smallest number $k$ such that after adding $k\lceil n/k\rceil-n$ isolated vertices to $G$ and considering {\bf any} partition of the vertices of the resulting graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-25 Maria Axenovich , Ryan R. Martin

In this paper, we make progress on a question related to one of Galvin that has attracted substantial attention recently. The question is that of determining among all graphs $G$ with $n$ vertices and $\Delta(G)\leq r$, which has the most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-07 Jonathan Cutler , A. J. Radcliffe

Let $G$ be a graph in which each vertex initially has weight 1. In each step, the weight from a vertex $u$ to a neighbouring vertex $v$ can be moved, provided that the weight on $v$ is at least as large as the weight on $u$. The total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-23 Ewa Infeld , Dieter Mitsche , Pawel Pralat

Hadwiger's conjecture is one of the most important and long-standing conjectures in graph theory. Reed and Seymour showed in 2004 that Hadwiger's conjecture is true for line graphs. We investigate this conjecture on the closely related…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-26 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran , Mathew C. Francis , Ankur Naskar

A $\frac{1}{k}$-majority $l$-edge-colouring of a graph $G$ is a colouring of its edges with $l$ colours such that for every colour $i$ and each vertex $v$ of $G$, at most $\frac{1}{k}$'th of the edges incident with $v$ have colour $i$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-29 Paweł Pękała , Jakub Przybyło

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$, maximum degree at most $\Delta$, and no component of order $2$. Inspired by the famous 1-2-3-conjecture, Bensmail, Marcille, and Orenga define a proper pushing scheme of $G$ as a function…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Dieter Rautenbach , Laurin Schwartze , Florian Werner

Let $k$, $m$ and $r$ be three integers such that $2\leq k\leq m\leq r$. Let $G$ be a $2r$-regular, $2m$-edge-connected graph of odd order. We obtain some sufficient conditions, which guarantee $G-v$ contains a $k$-factor for all $v\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-07-27 Hongliang Lu , Bing Bai , Wei Wang

A {\em total coloring} of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to the vertices and the edges of $G$ such that every pair of adjacent/incident elements receive distinct colors. The {\em total chromatic number} of a graph $G$, denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-13 Tao Wang

The $\sigma_{t}$-irregularity (or sigma total index) is a graph invariant which is defined as $\sigma_{t}(G)=\sum_{\{u,v\}\subseteq V(G)}(d(u)-d(v))^{2},$ where $d(z)$ denotes the degree of $z$. This irregularity measure was proposed by R\'…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Slobodan Filipovski , Darko Dimitrov , Martin Knor , Riste Škrekovski

We present a unified approach to compute the total vertex irregularity strength (tvs) of various graphs, employing a novel technique recently proposed by Barra et al. For graphs such as cycles, paths, prisms, wheels, complete graphs, helm…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Aleams Barra

A vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is called a 2-distance coloring if any two vertices at a distance at most $2$ from each other receive different colors. Suppose that $G$ is a planar graph with girth $5$ and maximum degree $\Delta$. We prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Zakir Deniz

Let $G$ be a distance-regular graph of order $v$ and size $e$. In this paper, we show that the max-cut in $G$ is at most $e(1-1/g)$, where $g$ is the odd girth of $G$. This result implies that the independence number of $G$ is at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-09 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Jack H. Koolen , Weiqiang Li

We develop an improved bound for the chromatic number of graphs of maximum degree $\Delta$ under the assumption that the number of edges spanning any neighbourhood is at most $(1-\sigma)\binom{\Delta}{2}$ for some fixed $0<\sigma<1$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-13 Eoin Hurley , Rémi de Joannis de Verclos , Ross J. Kang

The irregularity strength of a graph $G$, $s(G)$, is the least $k$ such that there exists a $\{1,2,\ldots,k\}$-weighting of the edges of $G$ attributing distinct weighted degrees to all vertices, or equivalently the least $k$ enabling…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-17 Jakub Przybyło

A subset $S$ of a vertex set of a graph $G$ is a total $(k,r)$-dominating set if every vertex $u \in V(G)$ is within distance $k$ of at least $r$ vertices in $S$. The minimum cardinality among all total $(k,r)$-dominating sets of $G$ is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Louisa Harutyunyan

A $vi$-simultaneous proper $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of all vertices and incidences of the graph in which any two adjacent or incident elements in the set $V(G)\cup I(G)$ receive distinct colors, where $I(G)$ is the set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-06 Mahsa Mozafari-Nia , Moharram N. Iradmusa