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This paper develops a novel mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for optimal participation of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in the Swedish frequency containment reserve (FCR) markets. The developed model aims to maximize…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Nima Mirzaei Alavijeh , Rahmat Khezri , Mohammadreza Mazidi , David Steen , Le Anh Tuan

Electricity prices and the end user net load vary with time. Electricity consumers equipped with energy storage devices can perform energy arbitrage, i.e., buy when energy is cheap or when there is a deficit of energy, and sell it when it…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-06 Md Umar Hashmi , Arpan Mukhopadhyay , Ana Bušić , Jocelyne Elias

With the growing global emphasis on sustainability and the implementation of contemporary environmental policies, photovoltaic (PV) generation is playing an increasingly important role in modern power systems, while its intrinsic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Alfredo Bermúdez , Iago Padín

In this paper, we consider a domestic standalone microgrid equipped with local renewable energy generation such as photovoltaic panels, consumption units, and battery storage to balance supply and demand and investigate the stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Paul Honore Takam , Nathalie Fruiba

As multi-microgrids become readily available, some limited models have been proposed that study operational and power quality constraints with local energy markets independently. This paper proposes a convex optimization model of an energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Johanna Castellanos , Carlos Adrian Correa-Florez , Alejandro Garcés , Gabriel Ordóñez-Plata , César A. Uribe , Diego Patino

Microgrids are integrated systems that gather and operate energy production units to satisfy consumers demands. This paper details different mathematical methods to design the Energy Management System (EMS) of domestic microgrids. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-22 François Pacaud , Pierre Carpentier , Jean-Philippe Chancelier , Michel De Lara

Emerging connect-and-manage practices allow new transmission-connected mega-loads to connect while enforcing time-varying admissible power exchange limits at the point of common coupling (PCC) in real time. Hyperscale artificial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-15 Xin Lu , Jing Qiu , Jiafeng Lin , Sihai An , Mingyang Sun , Junhua Zhao

Combining revenue streams by providing multiple services with battery storage systems increases profitability and enhances the investment case. In this work, we present a novel optimisation and control framework that enables a storage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-14 Jonas Engels , Bert Claessens , Geert Deconinck

High penetration of Photovoltaic (PV) generation and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) in individual households increases the demand for solutions to determine the optimal PV generation power and the capacity of BESS. Self-consumption…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Jun Wook Heo , Raja Jurdak , Sara Khalifa

This paper proposes a new convex model predictive control strategy for dynamic optimal power flow between battery energy storage systems distributed in an AC microgrid. The proposed control strategy uses a new problem formulation, based on…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Thomas Morstyn , Branislav Hredzak , Ricardo P. Aguilera , Vassilios G. Agelidis

Battery energy storage systems (ESS) are widely used in microgrids to complement high renewables. However, the real-time energy management of microgrids with battery ESS is challenging in two aspects: 1) the evolution process of battery…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-13 Cheng Lyu , Youwei Jia , Zhao Xu

Increased penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and Renewable Energy Systems (RES) transforming the conventional distribution grid into a transactive framework supervised by a distribution system operator (DSO). Although the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Arnab Dey , Vivek Khatana , Ankur Mani , Murti V. Salapaka

Generation portfolio can be significantly altered due to the deployment of distributed energy resources (DER) in distribution networks and the concept of microgrid. Generally, distribution networks can operate in a more resilient and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-02-19 Yichen Zhang , Alexander Melin , Mohammed Olama , Seddik Djouadi , Jin Dong , Kevin Tomsovic

This study investigates the economic dispatch and optimal power flow (OPF) for microgrids, focusing on two configurations: a single-bus islanded microgrid and a three-bus grid-tied microgrid. The methodologies integrate renewable energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-02 Saskia A. Putri , Xiaoyu Ge , Javad Khazaei

Mobile energy storage devices (MESDs) operate as medium- or large-sized batteries that can be loaded onto electric trucks and connected to charging stations to provide various ancillary services for distribution grids. This paper proposes a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-20 Young-Jin Kim

We present a capacity expansion model for deciding the new electricity generation and transmission capacity to complement an existing hydroelectric reservoir system. The objective is to meet a forecast demand at least expected cost, namely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Jarand Hole , Andy Philpott , Oscar Dowson

Solving large-scale capacity expansion problems (CEPs) is central to cost-effective decarbonization of regional-scale energy systems. To ensure the intended outcomes of CEPs, modeling uncertainty due to weather-dependent variable renewable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Aron Brenner , Rahman Khorramfar , Dharik Mallapragada , Saurabh Amin

Battery-based energy storage has emerged as an enabling technology for a variety of grid energy optimizations, such as peak shaving and cost arbitrage. A key component of battery-driven peak shaving optimizations is peak forecasting, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-28 Akhil Soman , Amee Trivedi , David Irwin , Beka Kosanovic , Benjamin McDaniel , Prashant Shenoy

Energy storage has been proven to yield positive effects on planning, operation and control of electric grids. It has become a crucial task to properly model the energy storage systems (ESS) under the framework of grid optimization on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-21 Chiebuka Eyisi , Ameena Saad Al-Sumaiti , Konstantin Turitsyn , Qifeng Li

The future power system is increasingly interconnected via both AC and DC interconnectors. These interconnectors establish links between previously decoupled energy markets. In this paper, we propose an optimal multi-market energy storage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Md Umar Hashmi , Stephen Hardy , Dirk Van Hertem , Harsha Nagarajan