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In online clustering problems, there is often a large amount of uncertainty over possible cluster assignments that cannot be resolved until more data are observed. This difficulty is compounded when clusters follow complex distributions, as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-17 Connie Trojan , Pavel Myshkov , Paul Fearnhead , James Hensman , Tom Minka , Christopher Nemeth

We introduce a Metropolis-Hastings Markov chain for Boltzmann distributions of classical spin systems. It relies on approximate tensor network contractions to propose correlated collective updates at each step of the evolution. We present…

Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial component when analysing the Standard Model and New physics processes at the Large Hadron Collider. This paper aims to explore the performance of generative models for complementing the statistics of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-22 Jan Gavranovič , Borut Paul Kerševan

Sampling equilibrium molecular configurations from the Boltzmann distribution is a longstanding challenge. Boltzmann Generators (BGs) address this by combining exact-likelihood generative models with importance sampling, but practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Weilong Chen , Bojun Zhao , Jan Eckwert , Julija Zavadlav

Boltzmann sampling is commonly used to uniformly sample objects of a particular size from large combinatorial sets. For this technique to be effective, one needs to prove that (1) the sampling procedure is efficient and (2) objects of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Megan Bernstein , Matthew Fahrbach , Dana Randall

Recent advances have allowed to tackle path-space probabilistic representations of mesoscopic Boltzmann transport nonlinearly coupled to a sub-model of the force-field by step forward approaches in terms of continuous branching stochastic…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Daniel Yaacoub , Stéphane Blanco , Richard Fournier , Gerjan Hagelaar

The goal of generative machine learning is to model the probability distribution underlying a given data set. This probability distribution helps to characterize the generation process of the data samples. While classical generative machine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-29 Christa Zoufal

Deep Boltzmann machines are in principle powerful models for extracting the hierarchical structure of data. Unfortunately, attempts to train layers jointly (without greedy layer-wise pretraining) have been largely unsuccessful. We propose a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-12-19 Grégoire Montavon , Klaus-Robert Müller

Inspired by the success of Boltzmann Machines based on classical Boltzmann distribution, we propose a new machine learning approach based on quantum Boltzmann distribution of a transverse-field Ising Hamiltonian. Due to the non-commutative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-30 Mohammad H. Amin , Evgeny Andriyash , Jason Rolfe , Bohdan Kulchytskyy , Roger Melko

Metropolis Monte Carlo simulation is a powerful tool for studying the equilibrium properties of matter. In complex condensed-phase systems, however, it is difficult to design Monte Carlo moves with high acceptance probabilities that also…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-05-27 Jerome P. Nilmeier , Gavin E. Crooks , David D. L. Minh , John D. Chodera

In past decades, enormous effort has been expended to develop algorithms and even to construct special-purpose computers in order to efficiently evaluate total energies and forces for long-range-interacting particle systems, with the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-14 Gabriele Tartero , Werner Krauth

Monte Carlo simulations are methods for simulating statistical systems. The aim is to generate a representative ensemble of configurations to access thermodynamical quantities without the need to solve the system analytically or to perform…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-19 Jean-Charles Walter , Gerard Barkema

The deep extension of the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), known as the deep Boltzmann machine (DBM), is an expressive family of machine learning models which can serve as compact representations of complex probability distributions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Haik Manukian , Massimiliano Di Ventra

Extracting consistent statistics between relevant free-energy minima of a molecular system is essential for physics, chemistry and biology. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can aid in this task but are computationally expensive,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Ana Molina-Taborda , Pilar Cossio , Olga Lopez-Acevedo , Marylou Gabrié

In many problems, complex non-Gaussian and/or nonlinear models are required to accurately describe a physical system of interest. In such cases, Monte Carlo algorithms are remarkably flexible and extremely powerful approaches to solve such…

Computation · Statistics 2015-04-23 Thi Le Thu Nguyen , Francois Septier , Gareth W. Peters , Yves Delignon

Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDAs) require flexible probability models that can be efficiently learned and sampled. Deep Boltzmann Machines (DBMs) are generative neural networks with these desired properties. We integrate a DBM…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Malte Probst , Franz Rothlauf

Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are often used for approximate inference inside learning, but their slow mixing can be difficult to diagnose and the approximations can seriously degrade learning. To alleviate these issues, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-25 Jacob Steinhardt , Percy Liang

We introduce a procedure to infer the interactions among a set of binary variables, based on their sampled frequencies and pairwise correlations. The algorithm builds the clusters of variables contributing most to the entropy of the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-27 Simona Cocco , Rémi Monasson

The claim that Monte Carlo is the most accurate method is a case of misattributed credit. This claim is based on experience with advanced systems MCNPX, Geant4 and EGS. These systems achieve remarkable performance because they use most…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Oleg N Vassiliev , Radhe Mohan

Normalizing flows can transform a simple prior probability distribution into a more complex target distribution. Here, we evaluate the ability and efficiency of generative machine learning methods to sample the Boltzmann distribution of an…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-16 Gerhard Jung , Giulio Biroli , Ludovic Berthier