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Optimization problems are ubiquitous in our societies and are present in almost every segment of the economy. Most of these optimization problems are NP-hard and computationally demanding, often requiring approximate solutions for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-23 James Kotary , Ferdinando Fioretto , Pascal Van Hentenryck

We study equations in groups G with unique m-th roots for each positive integer m. A word equation in two letters is an expression of the form w(X,A) = B, where w is a finite word in the alphabet {X,A}. We think of A,B in G as fixed…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Christopher J. Hillar , Lionel Levine , Darren Rhea

In the stable marriage and roommates problems, a set of agents is given, each of them having a strictly ordered preference list over some or all of the other agents. A matching is a set of disjoint pairs of mutually accepted agents. If any…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-06-01 Ágnes Cseh , David F. Manlove

We investigate the intersection problem for finite semigroups, which asks for a given set of regular languages, represented by recognizing morphisms to finite semigroups, whether there exists a word contained in their intersection. We…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Lukas Fleischer

A decision problem is called parameterized if its input is a pair of strings. One of these strings is referred to as a parameter. The problem: given a propositional logic program P and a non-negative integer k, decide whether P has a stable…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Zbigniew Lonc , Miroslaw Truszczynski

We study the complexity of satisfiability problems in probabilistic and causal reasoning. Given random variables $X_1, X_2,\ldots$ over finite domains, the basic terms are probabilities of propositional formulas over atomic events $X_i =…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Markus Bläser , Julian Dörfler , Maciej Liśkiewicz , Benito van der Zander

This paper proves that arrangement of music is NP-hard when subject to various constraints: avoiding musical dissonance, limiting how many notes can be played simultaneously, and limiting transition speed between chords. These results imply…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-07-15 William S. Moses , Erik D. Demaine

We consider the parity variants of basic problems studied in fine-grained complexity. We show that finding the exact solution is just as hard as finding its parity (i.e. if the solution is even or odd) for a large number of classical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Amir Abboud , Shon Feller , Oren Weimann

We show NP-completeness for several planar variants of the monotone satisfiability problem with bounded variable appearances. With one exception the presented variants have an associated bipartite graph where the vertex degree is bounded by…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Andreas Darmann , Janosch Döcker , Britta Dorn

Sequential word order is important when processing text. Currently, neural networks (NNs) address this by modeling word position using position embeddings. The problem is that position embeddings capture the position of individual words,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Benyou Wang , Donghao Zhao , Christina Lioma , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang , Jakob Grue Simonsen

The worst-case complexity of group-theoretic algorithms has been studied for a long time. Generic-case complexity, or complexity on random inputs, was introduced and studied relatively recently. In this paper, we address the average-case…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Alexander Olshanskii , Vladimir Shpilrain

We consider the problems of finding the lexicographically minimal (or maximal) satisfying assignment of propositional formulae for different restricted formula classes. It turns out that for each class from our framework, the above problem…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Steffen Reith , Heribert Vollmer

We provide a problem definition of the stable marriage problem for a general number of parties $p$ under a natural preference scheme in which each person has simple lists for the other parties. We extend the notion of stability in a natural…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Jared D. Lichtman

Modal logics are widely used in computer science. The complexity of modal satisfiability problems has been investigated since the 1970s, usually proving results on a case-by-case basis. We prove a very general classification for a wide…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-02-14 Edith Hemaspaandra , Henning Schnoor

In this paper we present an application of a simple technique of local recompression, previously developed by the author in the context of compressed membership problems and compressed pattern matching, to word equations. The technique is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-19 Artur Jeż

We study the following combinatorial problem. Given a set of $n$ y-monotone curves, which we call wires, a tangle determines the order of the wires on a number of horizontal layers such that any two consecutive layers differ only in swaps…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Oksana Firman , Philipp Kindermann , Boris Klemz , Alexander Ravsky , Alexander Wolff , Johannes Zink

The NP-hard general factor problem asks, given a graph and for each vertex a list of integers, whether the graph has a spanning subgraph where each vertex has a degree that belongs to its assigned list. The problem remains NP-hard even if…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Gregory Gutin , Eun Jung Kim , Arezou Soleimanfallah , Stefan Szeider , Anders Yeo

Following a recently considered generalization of linear equations to unordered data vectors, we perform a further generalization to ordered data vectors. These generalized equations naturally appear in the analysis of vector addition…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Piotr Hofman , Sławomir Lasota

Given an order, a commutative ring whose additive group is free of finite rank, a natural computational question is whether a fixed univariate polynomial $f \in \mathbb{Z}[X]$ has a root in this ring. In this paper, we show that the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Pim Spelier

We study several variants of decomposing a symmetric matrix into a sum of a low-rank positive semidefinite matrix and a diagonal matrix. Such decompositions have applications in factor analysis and they have been studied for many decades.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-02 Levent Tunçel , Stephen A. Vavasis , Jingye Xu