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Efficient information processing is crucial for both living organisms and engineered systems. The mutual information rate, a core concept of information theory, quantifies the amount of information shared between the trajectories of input…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-01 Manuel Reinhardt , Age J. Tjalma , Anne-Lena Moor , Christoph Zechner , Pieter Rein ten Wolde

Mutual information is a nonlinear measure used in time series analysis in order to measure the linear and non-linear correlations at any lag $\tau$. The aim of this study is to evaluate some of the most commonly used mutual information…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2008-09-15 A. Papana , D. Kugiumtzis

We propose nonparametric identification and semiparametric estimation of joint potential outcome distributions in the presence of confounding. First, in settings with observed confounding, we derive tighter, covariate-informed bounds on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-19 Jianle Sun , Kun Zhang

Estimating mutual information between continuous random variables is often intractable and extremely challenging for high-dimensional data. Recent progress has leveraged neural networks to optimize variational lower bounds on mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ruizhi Liao , Daniel Moyer , Polina Golland , William M. Wells

The entropy is a measure of uncertainty that plays a central role in information theory. When the distribution of the data is unknown, an estimate of the entropy needs be obtained from the data sample itself. We propose a semi-parametric…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-06 Stéphane Robin , Luca Scrucca

We investigate the problem of representing information measures in terms of the moments of the underlying random variables. First, we derive polynomial approximations of the conditional expectation operator. We then apply these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Wael Alghamdi , Flavio P. Calmon

Estimating mutual information (MI) is a fundamental yet challenging task in data science and machine learning. This work proposes a new estimator for mutual information. Our main discovery is that a preliminary estimate of the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yanzhi Chen , Zijing Ou , Adrian Weller , Yingzhen Li

Missing values with mixed data types is a common problem in a large number of machine learning applications such as processing of surveys and in different medical applications. Recently, Gaussian copula models have been suggested as a means…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-02 Benjamin Christoffersen , Mark Clements , Keith Humphreys , Hedvig Kjellström

One of the most complex tasks of decision making and planning is to gather information. This task becomes even more complex when the state is high-dimensional and its belief cannot be expressed with a parametric distribution. Although the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Gilad Rotman , Vadim Indelman

We present two classes of improved estimators for mutual information $M(X,Y)$, from samples of random points distributed according to some joint probability density $\mu(x,y)$. In contrast to conventional estimators based on binnings, they…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alexander Kraskov , Harald Stoegbauer , Peter Grassberger

Imputation is a popular technique for handling item nonresponse in survey sampling. Parametric imputation is based on a parametric model for imputation and is less robust against the failure of the imputation model. Nonparametric imputation…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-20 Danhyang Lee , Jae Kwang Kim

While the linear Pearson correlation coefficient represents a well-established normalized measure to quantify the interrelation of two stochastic variables $X$ and $Y$, it fails for multidimensional variables such as Cartesian coordinates.…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-09-19 Daniel Nagel , Georg Diez , Gerhard Stock

Estimating mutual information (MI) between two continuous random variables $X$ and $Y$ allows to capture non-linear dependencies between them, non-parametrically. As such, MI estimation lies at the core of many data science applications.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Alexander Marx , Jonas Fischer

We propose two classes of nonparametric point estimators of $\theta=P(X<Y)$ in the case where $(X,Y)$ are paired, possibly dependent, absolutely continuous random variables. The proposed estimators are based on nonparametric estimators of…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-03-27 J. A. Montoya , F. J. Rubio

The mutual information of two random variables i and j with joint probabilities t_ij is commonly used in learning Bayesian nets as well as in many other fields. The chances t_ij are usually estimated by the empirical sampling frequency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Marcus Hutter

We develop the use of mutual information (MI), a well-established metric in information theory, to interpret the inner workings of deep learning models. To accurately estimate MI from a finite number of samples, we present GMM-MI…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-04-12 Davide Piras , Hiranya V. Peiris , Andrew Pontzen , Luisa Lucie-Smith , Ningyuan Guo , Brian Nord

Estimating mutual information accurately is pivotal across diverse applications, from machine learning to communications and biology, enabling us to gain insights into the inner mechanisms of complex systems. Yet, dealing with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Nunzio A. Letizia , Nicola Novello , Andrea M. Tonello

We consider the problem of subspace estimation in situations where the number of available snapshots and the observation dimension are comparable in magnitude. In this context, traditional subspace methods tend to fail because the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Pascal Vallet , Philippe Loubaton , Xavier Mestre

Statistical estimates from survey samples have traditionally been obtained via design-based estimators. In many cases, these estimators tend to work well for quantities such as population totals or means, but can fall short as sample sizes…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-15 Paul A. Parker , Scott H. Holan , Ryan Janicki

The estimation of mutual information (MI) or conditional mutual information (CMI) from a set of samples is a long-standing problem. A recent line of work in this area has leveraged the approximation power of artificial neural networks and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Sina Molavipour , Germán Bassi , Mikael Skoglund