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In a tidal disruption event (TDE), a star is disrupted by the tidal field of a massive black hole, creating a debris stream that returns to the black hole, forms an accretion flow, and powers a luminous flare. Over the last few decades,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-22 Noah Kubli , Alessia Franchini , Eric R. Coughlin , C. J. Nixon , Sebastian Keller , Pedro R. Capelo , Lucio Mayer

Close encounters between neutron stars and main-sequence stars occur in globular clusters and may lead to various outcomes. Here we study encounters resulting in tidal disruption of the star. Using $N$-body models, we predict the typical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-27 Kyle Kremer , Claire S. Ye , Fulya Kıroğlu , James C. Lombardi , Scott M. Ransom , Frederic A. Rasio

Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs) have long been hypothesized as valuable indicators of black holes, offering insight into their demographics and behaviour out to high redshift. TDEs have also enabled the discovery of a few Massive Black Holes…

A tidal disruption event (TDE) is an astronomical phenomenon in which a previously dormant black hole (BH) destroys a star passing too close to its central part. We analyzed the flaring episode detected from the TDE sources, Swift~J1644+57…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-15 Elena Seifina , Lev Titarchuk , Enrico Virgill

A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a supermassive black hole disrupts a nearby passing star by tidal forces. The subsequent fallback accretion of the stellar debris results in a luminous transient outburst. Modeling the light curve…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-29 Zsófia V. Kovács-Stermeczky , József Vinkó

Black holes and wormholes are solutions of Einstein's field equations, both of which, from afar, look like a central mass. We show here that although at large distances both behave like Newtonian objects, close to the event horizon or to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-31 Pritam Banerjee , Suvankar Paul , Rajibul Shaikh , Tapobrata Sarkar

In recent years, giant amplitude X-ray flares have been observed from a handful of non-active galaxies. The most plausible scenario of these unusual phenomena is tidal disruption of a star by a quiescent supermassive black hole at the…

When debris from a star that experienced a tidal disruption events (TDE) after passing too close to a massive black hole returns to pericenter on the second passage, it is compressed, leading to the formation of nozzle shocks (in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-08 Fangyi Fitz Hu , Ilya Mandel , Rebecca Nealon , Daniel J. Price

The rate of tidal disruption events (TDEs), $R_\text{TDE}$, is predicted to depend on stellar conditions near the super-massive black hole (SMBH), which are on difficult-to-measure sub-parsec scales. We test whether $R_\text{TDE}$ depends…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-07 Or Graur , K. Decker French , H. Jabran Zahid , James Guillochon , Kaisey S. Mandel , Katie Auchettl , Ann I. Zabludoff

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star crosses the tidal radius of a black hole (BH) and is ripped apart, providing a powerful way to probe dormant BHs over a wide mass range. In this study, we present our late-time observations…

Motivated by an improved multi-wavelength observational coverage of the transient sky, we investigate the importance of relativistic effects in disruptions of stars by non-spinning black holes (BHs). This paper focuses on calculating the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-12 Roseanne M. Cheng , Tamara Bogdanovic

Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, exhibits frequent short-duration flares with luminosity greater than 1e34 erg/s across multiple wavelengths. The origin of the flares is still unknown. We revisited the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-02 Wen-Han Zhou , Yun Zhang , Jiamu Huang , Douglas N. C. Lin

We present two luminous UV/optical flares from the nuclei of apparently inactive early-type galaxies at z=0.37 and 0.33 that have the radiative properties of a flare from the tidal disruption of a star. In this paper we report the second…

We discuss the results of 3D simulations of tidal disruptions of white dwarfs by moderate-mass black holes as they may exist in the cores of globular clusters or dwarf galaxies. Our simulations follow self-consistently the hydrodynamic and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 S. Rosswog , E. Ramirez-Ruiz , W. R. Hix

It has been suggested that an unavoidable consequence of the existence of supermassive black holes, and the best diagnostic of their presence in non-active galaxies, would be occasional tidal disruption of stars captured by the black holes.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Komossa , J. Halpern , N. Schartel , G. Hasinger , M. Santos-Lleo , P. Predehl

Rates of stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) by supermassive black holes (SMBHs) due to two-body relaxation are calculated using a large galaxy sample (N=146) in order to explore the sensitivity of the TDE rates to observational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-26 Nicholas C. Stone , Brian D. Metzger

Tidal disruption event (TDE) iPTF16fnl shows a relatively low optical flare with observationally very weak X-ray emission and the spectroscopic property that the helium emission line from the source dominates over the hydrogen emission line…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-29 Mageshwaran Tamilan , Gargi Shaw , Sudip Bhattacharyya , Kimitake Hayasaki

The rate of tidal disruption flares (TDFs) per mass of the disrupting black hole encodes information on the present-day mass function (PDMF) of stars in the clusters surrounding super massive black holes. We explore how the shape of the TDF…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-13 Daniel J. D'Orazio , Abraham Loeb , James Guillochon

This work explores a scenario for micro-tidal disruption events (TDEs) triggered by close encounters between high-speed white dwarfs (WDs) and stellar-mass black holes (sBHs) in galactic centers. In this model, a WD orbiting the central…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-09 Xinyu Li , Houyi Sun , Yuan-Chuan Zou , Huan Yang

Simulations of tidal streams show that close encounters with dark matter subhalos induce density gaps and distortions in on-sky path along the streams. Accordingly, observing disrupted streams in the Galactic halo would substantiate the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-07-26 Emily Sandford , Andreas H. W. Kuepper , Kathryn V. Johnston , Juerg Diemand