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Using the Next Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA), we will make a comprehensive inventory of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in hundreds of globular cluster systems out to a distance of 25 Mpc. IMBHs have masses of about 100 to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-18 J. M. Wrobel , J. C. A. Miller-Jones , K. E. Nyland , T. J. Maccarone

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a profound signature of primordial cosmological structures and provide a theoretical tool to study nontrivial physics of the early Universe. The mechanisms of PBH formation are discussed and observational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 M. Yu. Khlopov

Stellar microlensing observations tightly constrain compact object dark matter in the mass range $(10^{-11} - 10^{3}) M_{\odot}$. Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) form clusters, and it has been argued that these microlensing constraints are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Matthew Gorton , Anne M. Green

In a class of single field models of inflation, the idea of Primordial Black holes(PBHs) production is studied. In this case, the dynamics on small cosmological scales differs significantly from that of the large scales probed by the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-19 Mayukh R. Gangopadhyay , Jayesh C. Jain , Devanshu Sharma , Yogesh

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early Universe from the collapse of rare, large density fluctuations. They have never been observed, but this fact is enough to constrain the amplitude of fluctuations on very small scales which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-20 Sam Young , Christian T. Byrnes

Could there be a large population of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) formed in the early universe? Whether primordial or formed in Population III, these are likely to be very subdominant compared to the dark matter density, but could…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-31 Thomas Lacroix , Joseph Silk

In this paper, the merger rate of black holes in a cluster of primordial black holes (PBHs) is investigated. The clusters have characteristics close to those of typical globular star clusters. A cluster that has a wide mass spectrum ranging…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-01 Viktor D. Stasenko , Alexander A. Kirillov

If massive primordial black holes (PBHs) exist and constitute a fraction of the dark matter, they can dramatically catalyze galaxy formation. By acting as pre-existing, high-density seeds, they can shorten the galaxy assembly time to as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-06 Jeremy Mould

We study a primordial black hole (PBH) formation scenario based on the Affleck-Dine (AD) mechanism and investigate two PBH mass regions: $M \sim 30 M_\odot$ motivated by the LIGO-Virgo observations of the binary black hole mergers and $M…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-28 Kentaro Kasai , Masahiro Kawasaki , Kai Murai

Some of the Intermediate Mass Black Hole (IMBH) candidates observed at the center of galaxies or in globular clusters and some of the Supermassive Black Holes (SMBHs) seen at the center of many galaxies might be of primordial origin.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-12 J. L. G. Sobrinho , P. Augusto

Primordial black hole (PBH) formation from first-order phase transitions (FOPTs) combines two prevalent elements of beyond the Standard Model physics with wide-ranging consequences. We elaborate on a recently proposed scenario in which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-30 Kiyoharu Kawana , TaeHun Kim , Philip Lu

The abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the mass range $0.1 - 10^3 M_\odot$ can potentially be tested by gravitational wave observations due to the large merger rate of PBH binaries formed in the early universe. To put the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-01 Martti Raidal , Christian Spethmann , Ville Vaskonen , Hardi Veermäe

The recent observations of the gravitational waves (GWs) by LIGO-Virgo collaboration infer the increasing possibility of the primordial black holes (PBHs). Recently it was pointed out that sufficient PBHs are produced by the Affleck-Dine…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-23 Fuminori Hasegawa , Masahiro Kawasaki

We investigate the impact of massive primordial black holes (PBHs; $m_{\rm BH}\sim 10^6~M_{\odot}$) on the star formation and first galaxy assembly process using high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations from $z = 1100$ to $z \sim 9$. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-27 Saiyang Zhang , Boyuan Liu , Volker Bromm , Junehyoung Jeon , Michael Boylan-Kolchin , Florian Kuhnel

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are those between 100 and 10$^5$ solar masses ($M_{\odot}$); their formation process is debated. One possible origin is the growth of less massive black holes (BHs) via mergers with stars and compact…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-12 Michiko S. Fujii , Long Wang , Ataru Tanikawa , Yutaka Hirai , Takayuki R. Saitoh

We review our semi-analytic model of stellar black hole (BH) mass growth by gas accretion in gas-rich stellar clusters during their birthstage within the first $\sim 10\,{\rm Myr}$ after the first stellar formation event. Such proto-stellar…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-24 Zacharias Roupas

A common mechanism to form primordial black holes in the early universe is by enhancing at small-scales the scalar perturbations generated during inflation. If these fluctuations have a large enough amplitude, they may collapse into…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-13 A. Moradinezhad Dizgah , G. Franciolini , A. Riotto

While elementary particles are the favored candidate for the elusive dark matter, primordial black holes (PBHs) have also been considered to fill that role. Gravitational microlensing is a very well-suited tool to detect and measure the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-10 Sven Heydenreich , Evencio Mediavilla , Jorge Jiménez-Vicente , Héctor Vives-Arias , Jose A. Muñoz

Supermassive black holes exist in the centers of galaxies, including Milky Way, but there is no compelling theory of their formation. Furthermore, observations of quasars imply that supermassive black holes have already existed at some very…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-16 Masahiro Kawasaki , Alexander Kusenko , Tsutomu T. Yanagida

Primordial black holes (PBH) accretion in the late Universe can lead to significant mass growth. A larger mass further accelerates the accretion radiation output for PBHs with initial masses greater than one solar mass, potentially leading…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Zi-Xuan Zhang , Junsong Cang , Yu Gao , Hong Li