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A Schnyder wood is an orientation and coloring of the edges of a planar map satisfying a simple local property. We propose a generalization of Schnyder woods to graphs embedded on the torus with application to graph drawing. We prove…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Daniel Gonçalves , Benjamin Lévêque

We propose a simple generalization of Schnyder woods from the plane to maps on orientable surfaces of higher genus. This is done in the language of angle labelings. Generalizing results of De Fraysseix and Ossona de Mendez, and Felsner, we…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Daniel Gonçalves , Kolja Knauer , Benjamin Lévêque

We define a far-reaching generalization of Schnyder woods which encompasses many classical combinatorial structures on planar graphs. Schnyder woods are defined for planar triangulations as certain triples of spanning trees covering the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-08 Olivier Bernardi , Éric Fusy , Shizhe Liang

Schnyder woods are a well-known combinatorial structure for plane triangulations, which yields a decomposition into 3 spanning trees. We extend here definitions and algorithms for Schnyder woods to closed orientable surfaces of arbitrary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-30 Luca Castelli Aleardi , Eric Fusy , Thomas Lewiner

Schnyder woods are decompositions of simple triangulations into three edge-disjoint spanning trees crossing each other in a specific way. In this article, we define a generalization of Schnyder woods to $d$-angulations (plane graphs with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-14 Olivier Bernardi , Eric Fusy

In this work we consider balanced Schnyder woods for planar graphs, which are Schnyder woods where the number of incoming edges of each color at each vertex is balanced as much as possible. We provide a simple linear-time heuristic leading…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Luca Castelli Aleardi

We define some Schnyder-type combinatorial structures on a class of planar triangulations of the pentagon which are closely related to 5-connected triangulations. The combinatorial structures have three incarnations defined in terms of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-01 Olivier Bernardi , Éric Fusy , Shizhe Liang

It is well-known that any finite triangulation possesses a unique maximal Schnyder wood. We introduce Schnyder woods of infinite triangulations, and prove there exists a unique maximal Schnyder wood of any infinite triangulation with finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Louigi Addario-Berry , Emma Hogan , Lukas Michel , Alex Scott

Poulalhon and Schaeffer introduced an elegant method to linearly encode a planar triangulation optimally. The method is based on performing a special depth-first search algorithm on a particular orientation of the triangulation: the minimal…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-07-21 Vincent Despré , Daniel Gonçalves , Benjamin Lévêque

We propose efficient algorithms for enumerating the notorious combinatorial structures of maximal planar graphs, called canonical orderings and Schnyder woods, and the related classical graph drawings by de Fraysseix, Pach, and Pollack…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Giordano Da Lozzo , Giuseppe Di Battista , Fabrizio Frati , Fabrizio Grosso , Maurizio Patrignani

Motivated by the bijection between Schnyder labelings of a plane triangulation and partitions of its inner edges into three trees, we look for binary labelings for quadrangulations (whose edges can be partitioned into two trees). Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Stefan Felsner , Clemens Huemer , Sarah Kappes , David Orden

Given a planar triangulation, a 3-orientation is an orientation of the internal edges so all internal vertices have out-degree three. Each 3-orientation gives rise to a unique edge coloring known as a Schnyder wood that has proven powerful…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-02-23 Sarah Miracle , Dana Randall , Amanda Pascoe Streib , Prasad Tetali

We introduce and study the {\em orderly spanning trees} of plane graphs. This algorithmic tool generalizes {\em canonical orderings}, which exist only for triconnected plane graphs. Although not every plane graph admits an orderly spanning…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-06 Yi-Ting Chiang , Ching-Chi Lin , Hsueh-I Lu

We present two graph drawing algorithms based on the recently defined "grand-Schnyder woods", which are a far-reaching generalization of the classical Schnyder woods. The first is a straight-line drawing algorithm for plane graphs with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Olivier Bernardi , Éric Fusy , Shizhe Liang

We consider the problem of morphing between two planar drawings of the same triangulated graph, maintaining straight-line planarity. A paper in SODA 2013 gave a morph that consists of $O(n^2)$ steps where each step is a linear morph that…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-11-25 Fidel Barrera-Cruz , Penny Haxell , Anna Lubiw

We deal with the asymptotic enumeration of combinatorial structures on planar maps. Prominent instances of such problems are the enumeration of spanning trees, bipartite perfect matchings, and ice models. The notion of orientations with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-09-06 S. Felsner , F. Zickfeld

Thomassen in 1994 published a famous proof of the fact that the choosability of a planar graph is at most 5. Zhu in 2019 generalized this result by showing that the same bound holds for Alon-Tarsi numbers of planar graphs. We present an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Jakub Kozik , Bartosz Podkanowicz

We construct growth bijections for bipolar oriented planar maps and for Schnyder woods. These give direct combinatorial proofs of several counting identities for these objects. Our method mainly uses two ingredients. First, a slit-slide-sew…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Jérémie Bettinelli , Éric Fusy , Baptiste Louf

Orthogonal surfaces are nice mathematical objects which have interesting connections to various fields, e.g., integer programming, monomial ideals and order dimension. While orthogonal surfaces in one or two dimensions are rather trivial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Stefan Felsner , Sarah Kappes

In this paper, we analyze embeddings of grid graphs on orientable surfaces. We determine the genus of a large class of k-dimensional grid graphs and effective two-sided bounds for the genus of any 3-dimensional grid graph, both in terms of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-20 Christian Millichap , Fabian Salinas
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