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We consider a novel backward-compatible paradigm of general data analytics over a recently-reported semisimple algebra (called t-algebra). We study the abstract algebraic framework over the t-algebra by representing the elements of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Liang Liao , Stephen John Maybank

Algebraic characterizations of the computational aspects of functions defined over the real numbers provide very effective tool to understand what computability and complexity over the reals, and generally over continuous spaces, mean. This…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-09-27 Olivier Bournez , Walid Gomaa , Emmanuel Hainry

The Forward-Forward (FF) algorithm presents a compelling, bio-inspired alternative to backpropagation. However, while efficient in training, it has a computationally prohibitive inference process that requires a separate forward pass for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Shalini Sarode , Brian Moser , Joachim Folz , Federico Raue , Tobias Nauen , Stanislav Frolov , Andreas Dengel

Machine learning algorithms use error function minimization to fit a large set of parameters in a preexisting model. However, error minimization eventually leads to a memorization of the training dataset, losing the ability to generalize to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Fernando Martin-Maroto , Gonzalo G. de Polavieja

The Forward-Forward (FF) Algorithm has been recently proposed to alleviate the issues of backpropagation (BP) commonly used to train deep neural networks. However, its current formulation exhibits limitations such as the generation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Andreas Papachristodoulou , Christos Kyrkou , Stelios Timotheou , Theocharis Theocharides

The forward-forward algorithm presents a new method of training neural networks by updating weights during an inference, performing parameter updates for each layer individually. This immediately reduces memory requirements during training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Michael Hopwood

This is a first stab at a mathematical framework in which one can study quantum field theories on spacetimes with quite general geometries. We will study these theories via their factorization algebras. The aim is to identify a minimalist…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Clark Barwick

We develop a general methodological framework for probabilistic inference in discrete- and continuous-time stochastic processes evolving on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). The process is observed only at the leaf nodes, and the challenge is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-27 Frank van der Meulen , Moritz Schauer , Stefan Sommer

The back-propagation algorithm has long been the de-facto standard in optimizing weights and biases in neural networks, particularly in cutting-edge deep learning models. Its widespread adoption in fields like natural language processing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Sidike Paheding , Abel A. Reyes-Angulo

We provide a comprehensive study of the convergence of the forward-backward algorithm under suitable geometric conditions, such as conditioning or {\L}ojasiewicz properties. These geometrical notions are usually local by nature, and may…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-25 Guillaume Garrigos , Lorenzo Rosasco , Silvia Villa

The forward-backward splitting technique is a popular method for solving monotone inclusions that has applications in optimization. In this paper we explore the behaviour of the algorithm when the inclusion problem has no solution. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-09 Walaa M. Moursi

Although backpropagation is widely accepted as a training algorithm for artificial neural networks, researchers are always looking for inspiration from the brain to find ways with potentially better performance. Forward-Forward is a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hossein Aghagolzadeh , Mehdi Ezoji

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of applications, such as recommendation, drug discovery, and question answering. Behind the success of GNNs lies the backpropagation (BP) algorithm, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Namyong Park , Xing Wang , Antoine Simoulin , Shuai Yang , Grey Yang , Ryan Rossi , Puja Trivedi , Nesreen Ahmed

[...] In this thesis, we are interested in generalizing factor graphs and the relevant methods toward describing quantum systems. Two generalizations of classical graphical models are investigated, namely double-edge factor graphs (DeFGs)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Michael X. Cao

To capture the global structure of a dynamical system we reformulate dynamics in terms of appropriately constructed topologies, which we call flow topologies; we call this process topologization. This yields a description of a semi-flow in…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Kelly Spendlove , Robert Vandervorst

This work continues the development of an intensional approach to computability initiated in previous work, in which programs and computations, rather than functions, constitute the primary objects of study. In this setting, models of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Thomas Seiller

Recent deep learning models such as ChatGPT utilizing the back-propagation algorithm have exhibited remarkable performance. However, the disparity between the biological brain processes and the back-propagation algorithm has been noted. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Taewook Hwang , Hyein Seo , Sangkeun Jung

Compute-forward is a coding technique that enables receiver(s) in a network to directly decode one or more linear combinations of the transmitted codewords. Initial efforts focused on Gaussian channels and derived achievable rate regions…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Adriano Pastore , Sung Hoon Lim , Chen Feng , Bobak Nazer , Michael Gastpar

The extreme learning machine needs a large number of hidden nodes to generalize a single hidden layer neural network for a given training data-set. The need for more number of hidden nodes suggests that the neural-network is memorizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Dibyasundar Das , Deepak Ranjan Nayak , Ratnakar Dash , Banshidhar Majhi

In this paper we present a unifying framework for continuous optimization methods grounded in the concept of generalized convexity. Utilizing the powerful theory of $\Phi$-convexity, we propose a conceptual algorithm that extends the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Konstantinos Oikonomidis , Emanuel Laude , Panagiotis Patrinos