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Large Language Models can generate synthetic survey responses at low cost, but their accuracy varies unpredictably across questions. We study the design problem of allocating a fixed budget of human respondents across estimation tasks when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zikun Ye , Hema Yoganarasimhan

We consider a version of D. Price's model for the growth of a bibliographic network, where in each iteration a constant number of citations is randomly allocated according to a weighted combination of accidental (uniformly distributed) and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-08-31 Grzegorz Siudem , Przemysław Nowak , Marek Gagolewski

We revisit the classic regret-minimization problem in the stochastic multi-armed bandit setting when the arm-distributions are allowed to be heavy-tailed. Regret minimization has been well studied in simpler settings of either bounded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Shubhada Agrawal , Sandeep Juneja , Wouter M. Koolen

We derive a-priori error estimates for the finite-element approximation of a distributed optimal control problem governed by the steady one-dimensional Burgers equation with pointwise box constraints on the control. Here the approximation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Pedro Martín Merino Rosero

First-order methods for minimization and saddle point (min-max) problems are widely used for solving large-scale problems, in particular arising in machine learning. The majority of works obtain favorable complexity guarantees of such…

In this paper, we investigate the precise local large deviation probabilities for random sums of independent real-valued random variables with a common distribution $F$, where $F(x+\Delta)=F((x, x+T])$ is an $\mathcal{O}$-regularly varying…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-07-05 Qiuying Zhang , Fengyang Cheng

We get back to the computation of the leading finite size corrections to some random link matching problems, first adressed by Mezard and Parisi [J. Physique 48 (1987) 1451-1459]. In the so-called bipartite case, their result is in…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Parisi , M. Ratieville

What happens when a continuously evolving stochastic process is interrupted with large changes at random intervals $\tau$ distributed as a power-law $\sim \tau^{-(1+\alpha)};\alpha>0$? Modeling the stochastic process by diffusion and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-22 Apoorva Nagar , Shamik Gupta

In this paper we discuss the numerical solution of elliptic distributed optimal control problems with state or control constraints when the control is considered in the energy norm. As in the unconstrained case we can relate the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-28 Peter Gangl , Richard Löscher , Olaf Steinbach

We give an exact solution for the complete distribution of component sizes in random networks with arbitrary degree distributions. The solution tells us the probability that a randomly chosen node belongs to a component of size s, for any…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-10-18 M. E. J. Newman

We analyze large deviations of the time-averaged activity in the one dimensional Fredrickson-Andersen model, both numerically and analytically. The model exhibits a dynamical phase transition, which appears as a singularity in the large…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-03-17 Takahiro Nemoto , Robert L. Jack , Vivien Lecomte

This work studies discrete-time discounted Markov decision processes with continuous state and action spaces and addresses the inverse problem of inferring a cost function from observed optimal behavior. We first consider the case in which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-27 Angeliki Kamoutsi , Peter Schmitt-Förster , Tobias Sutter , Volkan Cevher , John Lygeros

In performative prediction, the deployment of a predictive model triggers a shift in the data distribution. As these shifts are typically unknown ahead of time, the learner needs to deploy a model to get feedback about the distribution it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Meena Jagadeesan , Tijana Zrnic , Celestine Mendler-Dünner

We consider vector fixed point (FP) equations in large dimensional spaces involving random variables, and study their realization-wise solutions. We have an underlying directed random graph, that defines the connections between various…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Veeraruna Kavitha , Indrajit Saha , Sandeep Juneja

I discuss and criticize the use of "dual transformations" to calculate "shadow moments" in the distribution of epidemic fatalities. I show how this transformation is arbitrary and not only yields an unjustified functional form for the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-10 Alvaro Corral

Maximum likelihood estimations for the parameters of extreme value distributions are discussed in this paper using fixed point iteration. The commonly used numerical approach for addressing this problem is the Newton-Raphson approach which…

Computation · Statistics 2009-02-03 Tewfik Kernane , Zohrh A. Raizah

We consider the extreme value statistics of $N$ independent and identically distributed random variables, which is a classic problem in probability theory. When $N\to\infty$, fluctuations around the maximum of the variables are described by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-07-14 Lior Zarfaty , Eli Barkai , David A. Kessler

The recent paper "Finite size effects in the averaged eigenvalue density of Wigner random-sign real symmetric matrices" by G.S. Dhesi and M. Ausloos [Phys. Rev. E 93 (2016), 062115] uses the replica method to compute the $1/N$ correction to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Peter J. Forrester , Allan K. Trinh

We introduce a solvable model of randomly growing systems consisting of many independent subunits. Scaling relations and growth rate distributions in the limit of infinite subunits are analysed theoretically. Various types of scaling…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-12 Misako Takayasu , Hayafumi Watanabe , Hideki Takayasu

In systems belonging to the universality class of the random field Ising model, the standard hyperscaling relation between critical exponents does not hold, but is replaced by a modified hyperscaling relation. As a result, standard…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-12-01 R. L. C. Vink , T. Fischer , K. Binder