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Simple optics are defined using actions of monoidal categories. Compound optics arise, for instance, as natural transformations between polynomial functors. Since a monoidal category is a special case of a bicategory, we formulate complex…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-24 Bartosz Milewski

We study homomorphism polynomials, which are polynomials that enumerate all homomorphisms from a pattern graph $H$ to $n$-vertex graphs. These polynomials have received a lot of attention recently for their crucial role in several new…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Balagopal Komarath , Anurag Pandey , C. S. Rahul

For each strongly connected finite-dimensional (pure) simplicial complex we construct a finite group, the group of projectivities of the complex, which is a combinatorial but not a topological invariant. This group is studied for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Joswig

Let X be a countably infinite set, Inj(X) the monoid of all injective endomaps of X, and Sym(X) the group of all permutations of X. We classify all submonoids of Inj(X) that are closed under conjugation by elements of Sym(X).

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-07-12 Zachary Mesyan

We lift to the multivariate Eulerian polynomials the identity implying that univariate Eulerian polynomials are palindromic. As a consequence of this generalization, we obtain nice combinatorial identities that can be directly extracted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Alejandro González Nevado

Each graph and choice of a commutative ring gives rise to an associated graphical group. In this article, we introduce and investigate graph polynomials that enumerate conjugacy classes of graphical groups over finite fields according to…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-14 Tobias Rossmann

We study monic univariate polynomials whose coefficients are analytic functions of a real variable and whose roots lie in a specified analytic curve. These include characteristic polynomials of unitary and hermitian matrices whose entries…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-03-01 Wayne Lawton

A signed graph has edge signs. A gain graph has oriented edge gains drawn from a group. We define the combination of the two for the abelian case, in which each oriented edge of a signed graph has a gain from an abelian group, concentrating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-22 Laura Anderson , Ting Su , Thomas Zaslavsky

Recently, Choi and Park introduced an invariant of a finite simple graph, called signed a-number, arising from computing certain topological invariants of some specific kinds of real toric manifolds. They also found the signed a-numbers of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Seunghyun Seo , Heesung Shin

In the context of orientable circuits and subcomplexes of these as representing certain singular spaces, we consider characteristic class formulas generalizing those classical results as seen for the Riemann-Hurwitz formula for regulating…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2017-08-25 James F. Glazebrook , Alberto Verjovsky

We exhibit non-switching-isomorphic signed graphs that share a common underlying graph and common chromatic polynomials, thereby answering a question posed by Zaslavsky. For various joins of all-positive or all-negative signed complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Gary R. W. Greaves , Jeven Syatriadi , Charissa I. Utomo

To each unit complex number with positive imaginary part there is defined a Tristram-Levine knot signature function. The set of all such signature functions is linearly independent as a set of functions defined on the set of all knots. The…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jae Choon Cha , Charles Livingston

Signed graphs are studied since the middle of the last century. Recently, the notion of homomorphism of signed graphs has been introduced since this notion captures a number of well known conjectures which can be reformulated using the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-01-15 Pascal Ochem , Alexandre Pinlou , Sagnik Sen

We classify rooted trees which have strictly unimodal q-polynomials (plucking polynomial). We also give criteria for a trapezoidal shape of a plucking polynomial. We generalize results of Pak and Panova on strict unimodality of q-binomial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-15 Zhiyun Cheng , Sujoy Mukherjee , Jozef H. Przytycki , Xiao Wang , Seung Yeop Yang

We characterise the digraphs for which the multipaths, that is disjoint unions of directed paths, yield a matroid. For such graphs, called MP-digraphs, we prove that the Tutte polynomial of the multipath matroid is related to counting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Luigi Caputi , Carlo Collari , Sabino Di Trani

A polynomial is called self-reciprocal (or palindromic) if the sequence of its coefficients is palindromic. In this paper we enumerate self-reciprocal irreducible monic polynomials over a finite field with prescribed leading coefficients.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-14 Zhicheng Gao

We introduce a monoid structure on a certain set of labelled binary trees, by a process similar to the construction of the plactic monoid. This leads to a new interpretation of the algebra of planar binary trees of Loday-Ronco.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Florent Hivert , Jean-Christophe Novelli , Jean-Yves Thibon

We consider the set of monic real univariate polynomials of a given degree $d$ with non-vanishing coefficients, with given signs of the coefficients and with given quantities $pos$ of their positive and $neg$ of their negative roots (all…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-09-26 Vladimir Petrov Kostov

The class of self-conjugate-reciprocal irreducible monic (SCRIM) polynomials over finite fields are studied. Necessary and sufficient conditions for monic irreducible polynomials to be SCRIM are given. The number of SCRIM polynomials of a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-06-11 Arunwan Boripan , Somphong Jitman , Patanee Udomkavanich

Signed Minkowski decomposition is an expression of a polytope as a Minkowski sum and difference of smaller polytopes. Signed Minkowski decompositions of a polytope can be interpreted as factorizations of a max-plus (tropical) function. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Soujun Kitagawa