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We consider "unphysical", kinematic observables that do not commute with the constraints of a gauge system in the context of an extension of the system. We show that these observables, while not predictable, can nevertheless be said to have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-04 Frank Hellmann

Consistency with relativistic causality narrows down dramatically the class of measurable observables. We argue that by weakening the preparation role of ideal measurements, many of these observables become measurable. Particularly, we show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Berry Groisman , Benni Reznik

We present here an overview of our work concerning entanglement properties of composite quantum systems. The characterization of entanglement, i.e. the possibility to assert if a given quantum state is entangled with others and how much…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Eckert , O. Gühne , F. Hulpke , P. Hyllus , J. Korbicz , J. Mompart , D. Bruß , M. Lewenstein , A. Sanpera

Joint measurements of non-commuting observables are characterized by unavoidable measurement uncertainties that can be described in terms of the error statistics for input states with well-defined values for the target observables. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Shota Kino , Taiki Nii , Holger F. Hofmann

We propose a framework for temporal quantum theories for the purpose of describing states and observables associated with extended regions of space time quantum mechanically. The proposal is motivated by Isham's history theories. We discuss…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Oliver Rudolph

Entangled photon pairs form the foundation for many applications in the realm of quantum communication. For fiber-optic transfer of entangled photon pairs, time-bin encoding can potentially offer an improved stability compared to…

Scrambling unitary dynamics in a quantum system transmutes local quantum information into a non-local web of correlations which manifests itself in a complex spatio-temporal pattern of entanglement. In such a context, we show there can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-02 Alan Sherry , Sthitadhi Roy

Quantum entanglement can manifest itself in the narrowing of wavepackets. We define the phenomenon of phase entanglement and describe its effect on the interpretation of spatial localization experiments.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. W. Chan , J. H. Eberly

Measurements are essential for the processing and protection of information in quantum computers. They can also induce long-range entanglement between unmeasured qubits. However, when post-measurement states depend on many non-deterministic…

Recent experimental tests of Bell inequalities confirm that entangled quantum systems cannot be described by local classical theories but still do not answer the question whether or not quantum systems could in principle be modelled by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 Kawthar Al Rasbi , Lewis A. Clark , Almut Beige

We propose a correlation of local observables on many sites in macroscopic quantum systems. By measuring the correlation one can detect, if any, superposition of macroscopically distinct states, which we call macroscopic entanglement, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-24 Akira Shimizu , Tomoyuki Morimae

The significance of the quantum feature of entanglement between physical systems is investigated in the context of quantum measurements. It is shown that, while there are measurement couplings that leave the object and probe systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-04 P. Busch

Understanding the observer-dependent nature of quantum entanglement has been a central question in relativistic quantum information. In this paper we will review key results on relativistic entanglement in flat and curved spacetime and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Paul M. Alsing , Ivette Fuentes

A large literature has grown up around the proposed use of 'weak measurements' (i.e., unsharp measurements followed by post-selection) to allegedly provide information about hidden ontological features of quantum systems. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-16 R. E. Kastner

We discuss the classical statistics of isolated subsystems. Only a small part of the information contained in the classical probability distribution for the subsystem and its environment is available for the description of the isolated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 C. Wetterich

In a quantum system that is bounded by past and future conditions, weak continuous monitoring forward-evolving and backward-evolving quantum states are usually carried out separately. Therefore, measured signals at a given time t cannot be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-20 Le Bin Ho

Many systems in biology, physics, and engineering are modeled by nonlinear dynamical systems where the states are usually unknown and only a subset of the state variables can be physically measured. Can we understand the full system from…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Bhargav Karamched , Jack Schmidt , David Murrugarra

Time plays a crucial role in the intuitive understanding of the world around us. Within quantum mechanics, however, time is not usually treated as an observable quantity; it enters merely as a parameter in the laws of motion of physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Sandra Ranković , Yeong-Cherng Liang , Renato Renner

We introduce the idea of temporal graphs, a representation that encodes temporal data into graphs while fully retaining the temporal information of the original data. This representation lets us explore the dynamic temporal properties of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-06-06 Vassilis Kostakos

In this letter we investigate the possibility of observing macroscopic entanglement, considering realistic factors such as decoherence, particle losses, and measurements of limited precision (coarse-grained collective measurements). This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Martina Gisti , Miguel Gallego , Borivoje Dakić