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Graph transformation systems have the potential to be realistic models of chemistry, provided a comprehensive collection of reaction rules can be extracted from the body of chemical knowledge. A first key step for rule learning is the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-04-22 Christoph Flamm , Daniel Merkle , Peter F. Stadler , Uffe Thorsen

We define catalytic networks as chemical reaction networks with an essentially catalytic reaction pathway: one which is on in the presence of certain catalysts and off in their absence. We show that examples of catalytic networks include…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2011-11-18 Manoj Gopalkrishnan

Modern computational chemistry has reached a stage at which massive exploration into chemical reaction space with unprecedented resolution with respect to the number of potentially relevant molecular structures has become possible. Various…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-04-27 Jan P. Unsleber , Markus Reiher

Here we focus on the challenge of verifying the correctness of molecular implementations of abstract chemical reaction networks, where operation in a well-mixed "soup" of molecules is stochastic, asynchronous, concurrent, and often involves…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Seung Woo Shin , Chris Thachuk , Erik Winfree

With the rise of deep neural networks for quantum chemistry applications, there is a pressing need for architectures that, beyond delivering accurate predictions of chemical properties, are readily interpretable by researchers. Here, we…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-06-28 Kristof T. Schütt , Michael Gastegger , Alexandre Tkatchenko , Klaus-Robert Müller

A detailed understanding of biochemical networks at the molecular level is essential for studying complex cellular processes. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive description of biochemical networks by considering individual atoms and…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-08 Hadjar Rahou , Hulda S. Haraldsdottir , Filippo Martinelli , Ines Thiele , Ronan M. T. Fleming

Computational techniques are required for narrowing down the vast space of possibilities to plausible prebiotic scenarios, since precise information on the molecular composition, the dominant reaction chemistry, and the conditions for that…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-07 Jakob L. Andersen , Christoph Flamm , Daniel Merkle , Peter F. Stadler

Chemical reaction network theory is a powerful framework to describe and analyze chemical systems. While much about the concentration profile in an equilibrium state can be determined in terms of the graph structure, the overall reaction's…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-29 Tomoharu Suda

Reaction networks are a general formalism for describing collections of classical entities interacting in a random way. While reaction networks are mainly studied by chemists, they are equivalent to Petri nets, which are used for similar…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 John C. Baez

The construction of a reaction network containing all relevant intermediates and elementary reactions is necessary for the accurate description of chemical processes. In the case of a complex chemical reaction (involving, for instance, many…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-12-19 Gregor N. Simm , Markus Reiher

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) model the behavior of molecules in a well-mixed system. The emerging field of molecular programming uses CRNs not only as a descriptive tool, but as a programming language for chemical computation.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-09-04 Adam Case , Jack H. Lutz , D. M. Stull

Chemical reaction network theory provides powerful tools for rigorously understanding chemical reactions and the dynamical systems and differential equations that represent them. A frequent issue with mathematical analyses of these networks…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-23 Joseph M. Sauder , Bruce P. Ayati , Ryan Kinser

We introduce the notion of corresponding a chemical reaction network to a split network translation, and use this novel process to extend the scope of existing network-based theory for characterizing the steady state set of mass-action…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-04-09 Matthew D. Johnston

A reaction network is a chemical system involving multiple reactions and chemical species. Stochastic models of such networks treat the system as a continuous time Markov chain on the number of molecules of each species with reactions as…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Karen Ball , Thomas G. Kurtz , Lea Popovic , Greg Rempala

Chemical reaction systems are dynamical systems that arise in chemical engineering and systems biology. In this work, we consider the question of whether the minimal (in a precise sense) multistationary chemical reaction networks, which we…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-07-10 Badal Joshi , Anne Shiu

For the investigation of chemical reaction networks, the identification of all relevant intermediates and elementary reactions is mandatory. Many algorithmic approaches exist that perform explorations efficiently and automatedly. These…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-05-24 Gregor N. Simm , Alain C. Vaucher , Markus Reiher

Background: A classical problem in metabolic design is to maximize the production of desired compound in a given chemical reaction network by appropriately directing the mass flow through the network. Computationally, this problem is…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2011-10-28 Jakob L. Andersen , Christoph Flamm , Daniel Merkle , Peter F. Stadler

Reaction networks (RNs) comprise a set $X$ of species and a set $\mathscr{R}$ of reactions $Y\to Y'$, each converting a multiset of educts $Y\subseteq X$ into a multiset $Y'\subseteq X$ of products. RNs are equivalent to directed…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-06 Stefan Müller , Christoph Flamm , Peter F. Stadler

A key step in the origin of life is the emergence of a primitive metabolism. This requires the formation of a subset of chemical reactions that is both self-sustaining and collectively autocatalytic. A generic theory to study such processes…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-22 Oliver Weller-Davies , Mike Steel , Jotun Hein

In contrast to electronic computation, chemical computation is noisy and susceptible to a variety of sources of error, which has prevented the construction of robust complex systems. To be effective, chemical algorithms must be designed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Dan Alistarh , Bartłomiej Dudek , Adrian Kosowski , David Soloveichik , Przemysław Uznański
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