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Recently recurrent neural networks (RNN) has been very successful in handling sequence data. However, understanding RNN and finding the best practices for RNN is a difficult task, partly because there are many competing and complex hidden…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Guo-Bing Zhou , Jianxin Wu , Chen-Lin Zhang , Zhi-Hua Zhou

The paper evaluates three variants of the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) in recurrent neural networks (RNN) by reducing parameters in the update and reset gates. We evaluate the three variant GRU models on MNIST and IMDB datasets and show that…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-01-24 Rahul Dey , Fathi M. Salem

Sequence modeling is a critical yet challenging task with wide-ranging applications, especially in time series forecasting for domains like weather prediction, temperature monitoring, and energy load forecasting. Transformers, with their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Qisai Liu , Zhanhong Jiang , Joshua R. Waite , Chao Liu , Aditya Balu , Soumik Sarkar

Data generated from real world events are usually temporal and contain multimodal information such as audio, visual, depth, sensor etc. which are required to be intelligently combined for classification tasks. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Ankit Gandhi , Arjun Sharma , Arijit Biswas , Om Deshmukh

Convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) models have become the mainstream methods for relation classification. We propose a unified architecture, which exploits the advantages of CNN and RNN simultaneously, to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Bin He , Yi Guan , Rui Dai

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) are a popular choice for modeling temporal and sequential tasks and achieve many state-of-the-art performance on various complex problems. However, most of the state-of-the-art RNNs have millions of parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Dynamic demand prediction is crucial for the efficient operation and management of urban transportation systems. Extensive research has been conducted on single-mode demand prediction, ignoring the fact that the demands for different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Yuebing Liang , Guan Huang , Zhan Zhao

As an important part of intelligent transportation systems, traffic forecasting has attracted tremendous attention from academia and industry. Despite a lot of methods being proposed for traffic forecasting, it is still difficult to model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Le Zhao , Mingcai Chen , Yuntao Du , Haiyang Yang , Chongjun Wang

A key attribute that drives the unprecedented success of modern Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) on learning tasks which involve sequential data, is their ability to model intricate long-term temporal dependencies. However, a well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Alon Ziv

Common to all different kinds of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is the intention to model relations between data points through time. When there is no immediate relationship between subsequent data points (like when the data points are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Steffen Illium , Thore Schillman , Robert Müller , Thomas Gabor , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are widely used as a memory model for sequence-related problems. Many variants of RNN have been proposed to solve the gradient problems of training RNNs and process long sequences. Although some classical…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Chenpeng Zhang , Shuai Li , Mao Ye , Ce Zhu , Xue Li

Sequence models assign probabilities to variable-length sequences such as natural language texts. The ability of sequence models to capture temporal dependence can be characterized by the temporal scaling of correlation and mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Huitao Shen

Deep Recurrent Neural Network architectures, though remarkably capable at modeling sequences, lack an intuitive high-level spatio-temporal structure. That is while many problems in computer vision inherently have an underlying high-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-12 Ashesh Jain , Amir R. Zamir , Silvio Savarese , Ashutosh Saxena

Sequence prediction and classification are ubiquitous and challenging problems in machine learning that can require identifying complex dependencies between temporally distant inputs. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have the ability, in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-02-17 Jan Koutník , Klaus Greff , Faustino Gomez , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are known as powerful models for handling sequential data, and especially widely utilized in various natural language processing tasks. In this paper, we propose Contextual Recurrent Units (CRU) for enhancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Yiming Cui , Wei-Nan Zhang , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu , Zhipeng Chen , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

In this paper, we study the problem of node representation learning with graph neural networks. We present a graph neural network class named recurrent graph neural network (RGNN), that address the shortcomings of prior methods. By using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Binxuan Huang , Kathleen M. Carley

This review aims to conduct a comparative analysis of liquid neural networks (LNNs) and traditional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and their variants, such as long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) and gated recurrent units (GRUs). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Shilong Zong , Alex Bierly , Almuatazbellah Boker , Hoda Eldardiry

Recurrent neural networks (RNN) as used in machine learning are commonly formulated in discrete time, i.e. as recursive maps. This brings a lot of advantages for training models on data, e.g. for the purpose of time series prediction or…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-07-02 Zahra Monfared , Daniel Durstewitz

In this paper we compare different types of recurrent units in recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Especially, we focus on more sophisticated units that implement a gating mechanism, such as a long short-term memory (LSTM) unit and a recently…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-12 Junyoung Chung , Caglar Gulcehre , KyungHyun Cho , Yoshua Bengio

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a popular choice for modeling sequential data. Modern RNN architectures assume constant time-intervals between observations. However, in many datasets (e.g. medical records) observation times are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Mona Schirmer , Mazin Eltayeb , Stefan Lessmann , Maja Rudolph