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In this paper we develop a framework for multivariate functional approximation by a suitable Gaussian process via an exchangeable pairs coupling that satisfies a suitable approximate linear regression property, thereby building on work by…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-25 Christian Döbler , Mikołaj J. Kasprzak

Motivated by the omnipresence of extreme value distributions in limit theorems involving extremes of random processes, we adapt Stein's method to include these laws as possible target distributions. We do so by using the generator approach…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Bruno Costacèque , Laurent Decreusefond

We build on the formalism developed in [arXiv:1906.08372v1] to propose new representations of solutions to Stein equations. We provide new uniform and non uniform bounds on these solutions (a.k.a.\ Stein factors). We use these…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-14 Marie Ernst , Yvik Swan

The paper gives the bounds on the solutions to a Stein equation for the negative binomial distribution that are needed for approximation in terms of the Wasserstein metric. The proofs are probabilistic, and follow the approach introduced in…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-02 A. D. Barbour , H. L. Gan , A. Xia

Von Renesse and the author (Ann. Prob. '09) developed a second order calculus on the Wasserstein space P([0,1]) of probability measures on the unit interval. The basic objects of interest had been Dirichlet form, semigroup and continuous…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-05-20 Karl-Theodor Sturm

This work explores and develops elements of Stein's method of approximation, in the infinitely divisible setting, and its connections to functional analysis. It is mainly concerned with multivariate self-decomposable laws without finite…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-12 Benjamin Arras , Christian Houdré

Using techniques of the theory of semigroups of linear operators we study the question of approximating solutions to equations governing diffusion in thin layers separated by a semi-permeable membrane. We show that as thickness of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Adam Bobrowski

We consider the following second-order stochastic differential equation on $\mathbb{R}^{2d}$: \begin{equation*} dX_t^m=Y_t^mdt, \quad mdY_t^m=b(X_t^m)dt+\sigma(X_t^m)dB_t-Y^m_tdt, \end{equation*} where $X^m_t$ and $Y^m_t$ represent the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Shiyu Liu , Wei Liu , Lihu Xu

We show how the infinitesimal exchangeable pairs approach to Stein's method combines naturally with the theory of Markov semigroups. We present a multivariate normal approximation theorem for functions of a random variable invariant with…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-01 David Grzybowski , Mark Meckes

Donsker Theorem is perhaps the most famous invariance principle result for Markov processes. It states that when properly normalized, a random walk behaves asymptotically like a Brownian motion. This approach can be extended to general…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-29 Eustache Besançon , E Besanç On , Laurent Decreusefond , Pascal Moyal

This paper provides a general framework for Stein's density method for multivariate continuous distributions. The approach associates to any probability density function a canonical operator and Stein class, as well as an infinite…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-27 Guillaume Mijoule , Martin Raič , Gesine Reinert , Yvik Swan

Stein's method (Stein, 1973; 1981) is a powerful tool for statistical applications and has significantly impacted machine learning. Stein's lemma plays an essential role in Stein's method. Previous applications of Stein's lemma either…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-04 Wu Lin , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan , Mark Schmidt

We develop the tools necessary to use Stein's method for approximation by a Borel distribution, which we illustrate by considering the approximation of the number of customers served in the busy period of an M/G/1 queue. We further derive…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Fraser Daly , Seva Shneer

Gradient flow in the 2-Wasserstein space is widely used to optimize functionals over probability distributions and is typically implemented using an interacting particle system with $n$ particles. Analyzing these algorithms requires showing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Chandan Tankala , Dheeraj M. Nagaraj , Anant Raj

We construct a continuous family of exchangeable pairs by perturbing the random variable through diffusion processes on manifold in order to apply Stein method to certain geometric settings. We compare our perturbation by diffusion method…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Weitao Du

In this paper we introduce a new approach to the diffusive limit of the weakly random Schrodinger equation, first studied by L. Erdos, M. Salmhofer, and H.T. Yau. Our approach is based on a wavepacket decomposition of the evolution…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Felipe Hernández

In this paper we extend Stein's method to the distribution of the product of $n$ independent mean zero normal random variables. A Stein equation is obtained for this class of distributions, which reduces to the classical normal Stein…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-30 Robert E. Gaunt

In this paper, we apply the Stein's method in the context of point processes, namely when the target measure is the distribution of a finite Poisson point process. We show that the so-called Kantorovich-Rubinstein distance between such a…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-09 Laurent Decreusefond , Aurélien Vasseur

In this paper we introduce a new diffusion approximation for the steady-state customer count of the Erlang-C system. Unlike previous diffusion approximations, which use the steady-state distribution of a diffusion process with a constant…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Anton Braverman , J. G. Dai

In a recent paper, Gaunt 2020 extended Stein's method to limit distributions that can be represented as a function $g:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ of a centered multivariate normal random vector $\Sigma^{1/2}\mathbf{Z}$ with…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Robert E. Gaunt , Heather Sutcliffe