Related papers: Combining controls can improve power in two-stage …
Replicability analysis aims to identify the findings that replicated across independent studies that examine the same features. We provide powerful novel replicability analysis procedures for two studies for FWER and for FDR control on the…
Batch effects are pervasive in biomedical studies. One approach to address the batch effects is repeatedly measuring a subset of samples in each batch. These remeasured samples are used to estimate and correct the batch effects. However,…
Matched case-control studies are commonly employed in epidemiological research for their convenience and efficiency. Analysis of secondary outcomes can yield valuable insights into biological pathways and help identify genetic variants of…
Hybrid studies allow investigators to simultaneously study an intervention effectiveness outcome and an implementation research outcome. In particular, type 2 hybrid studies support research that places equal importance on both outcomes…
Statistical significance of both the original and the replication study is a commonly used criterion to assess replication attempts, also known as the two-trials rule in drug development. However, replication studies are sometimes conducted…
External controls from historical trials or observational data can augment randomized controlled trials when large-scale randomization is impractical or unethical, such as in drug evaluation for rare diseases. However, non-randomized…
We consider the problem of identifying whether findings replicate from one study of high dimension to another, when the primary study guides the selection of hypotheses to be examined in the follow-up study as well as when there is no…
There is growing interest in a hybrid control design in which a randomized controlled trial is augmented with an external control arm from a previous trial or real world data. Existing methods for analyzing hybrid control studies include…
We describe a shared control methodology that can, without knowledge of the task, be used to improve a human's control of a dynamic system, be used as a training mechanism, and be used in conjunction with Imitation Learning to generate…
The reproducibility crisis has led to an increasing number of replication studies being conducted. Sample sizes for replication studies are often calculated using conditional power based on the effect estimate from the original study.…
Genome-wide association analysis has generated much discussion about how to preserve power to detect signals despite the detrimental effect of multiple testing on power. We develop a weighted multiple testing procedure that facilitates the…
Because of the high cost of commercial genotyping chip technologies, many investigations have used a two-stage design for genome-wide association studies, using part of the sample for an initial discovery of ``promising'' SNPs at a less…
Case-control studies are designed towards studying associations between risk factors and a single, primary outcome. Information about additional, secondary outcomes is also collected, but association studies targeting such secondary…
Replication helps ensure that a genotype-phenotype association observed in a genome-wide association (GWA) study represents a credible association and is not a chance finding or an artifact due to uncontrolled biases. We discuss…
Replication studies are increasingly conducted to assess the credibility of scientific findings. Most of these replication attempts target studies with a superiority design, but there is a lack of methodology regarding the analysis of…
To improve confounder adjustments, observational studies are often matched on potential confounders. While matched case-control studies are common and well covered in the literature, our focus here is on matched cohort studies, which are…
High-dimensional phenotypes hold promise for richer findings in association studies, but testing of several phenotype traits aggravates the grand challenge of association studies, that of multiple testing. Several methods have recently been…
Extracting associations that recur across multiple studies while controlling the false discovery rate is a fundamental challenge. Here, we consider an extension of Efron's single-study two-groups model to allow joint analysis of multiple…
A case-cohort design is a two-phase sampling design frequently used to analyze censored survival data in a cost-effective way, where a subcohort is usually selected using simple random sampling or stratified simple random sampling. In this…
Platform trials offer a framework to study multiple interventions in a single trial with the opportunity of opening and closing arms. The use of a common control in platform trials can increase efficiency as compared to individual control…