English
Related papers

Related papers: Test statistics and p-values

200 papers

Conventional statistics begins with a model, and assigns a likelihood of obtaining any particular set of data. The opposite approach, beginning with the data and assigning a likelihood to any particular model, is explored here for the case…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-10-30 Timothy E. Holy

We consider the problem of hypotheses testing with the basic simple hypothesis: observed sequence of points corresponds to stationary Poisson process with known intensity. The alternatives are stationary self-exciting point processes. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-03-27 Serguei Dachian , Yury A. Kutoyants

System modeling is a classical approach to ensure their reliability since it is suitable both for a formal verification and for software testing techniques. In the context of model-based testing an approach combining random testing and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Julien Bernard , Pierre-Cyrille Héam , Olga Kouchnarenko

Randomness is one of the important key concepts of statistics. In epidemiology or medical science, we investigate our hypotheses and interpret results through this statistical randomness. We hypothesized by imposing some conditions to this…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-11 T. Usuzaki , M. Shimoyama S. Chiba , S. Hotta

The log-normal distribution is used to describe the positive data, that it has skewed distribution with small mean and large variance. This distribution has application in many sciences for example medicine, economics, biology and…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-08-10 Saba Aghadoust , Kamel Abdollahnezhad , Farhad Yaghmaei , Ali Akbar Jafari

Testing of hypotheses is a well studied topic in mathematical statistics. Recently, this issue has also been addressed in the context of Inverse Problems, where the quantity of interest is not directly accessible but only after the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Remo Kretschmann , Daniel Wachsmuth , Frank Werner

Null hypothesis significance testing remains popular despite decades of concern about misuse and misinterpretation. We believe that much of the problem is due to language: significance testing has little to do with other meanings of the…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2018-10-16 Jonathan Dushoff , Morgan P. Kain , Benjamin M. Bolker

Attacks on the P-value are nothing new, but the recent attacks are increasingly more serious. They come from more mainstream sources, with widening targets such as a call to retire the significance testing altogether. While well meaning, I…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2022-01-11 Yudi Pawitan

In this note we introduce a notion of a generically (strongly generically) NP-complete problem and show that the randomized bounded version of the halting problem is strongly generically NP-complete.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-06-06 Alexei Miasnikov , Alexander Ushakov

Estimation of density functions supported on general domains arises when the data is naturally restricted to a proper subset of the real space. This problem is complicated by typically intractable normalizing constants. Score matching…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-25 Shiqing Yu , Mathias Drton , Ali Shojaie

In this paper, we propose an explicit closed-form Bayes factor for the problem of two-sample hypothesis testing. The proposed approach can be regarded as a Bayesian version of the pooled-variance t-statistic and has various appealing…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-09-10 Min Wang , Guangying Liu

Software packages usually report the results of statistical tests using p-values. Users often interpret these by comparing them to standard thresholds, e.g. 0.1%, 1% and 5%, which is sometimes reinforced by a star rating (***, **, *). We…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-05 Axel Gandy , Georg Hahn , Dong Ding

This paper extends my research applying statistical decision theory to treatment choice with sample data, using maximum regret to evaluate the performance of treatment rules. The specific new contribution is to study as-if optimization…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-10-05 Charles F. Manski

The standard A/B testing approaches are mostly based on t-test in large scale industry applications. These standard approaches however suffers from low statistical power in business settings, due to nature of small sample-size or…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-30 Changshuai Wei , Phuc Nguyen , Benjamin Zelditch , Joyce Chen

In this article, we consider the problem of simultaneous testing of hypotheses when the individual test statistics are not necessarily independent. Specifically, we consider the problem of simultaneous testing of point null hypotheses…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-17 Prasenjit Ghosh , Arijit Chakrabarti

Over the past decades, various methods for comparing the means of two log-normal have been proposed. Some of them are differing in terms of how the statistic test adjust to accept or to reject the null hypothesis. In this study, a new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-20 Kamel Abdollahnezhad , M. Babanezhad , Ali Akbar Jafari

Phenomena with a constrained sample space appear frequently in practice. This is the case e.g. with strictly positive data and with compositional data, like percentages and the like. If the natural measure of difference is not the absolute…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-02-20 G. Mateu-Figueras , V. Pawlowsky-Glahn , J. J. Egozcue

Recently, a new testing approach for response-adaptive clinical trials was proposed based on the allocation probabilities (AP) rather than the outcome data. While original work on the AP test focused on binary and normal endpoints and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 Stina Zetterstrom , David S. Robertson , Thomas Jaki , Sofía S. Villar

P-hacking is prevalent in reality but absent from classical hypothesis testing theory. As a consequence, significant results are much more common than they are supposed to be when the null hypothesis is in fact true. In this paper, we build…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-05-09 Adam McCloskey , Pascal Michaillat

This paper explores Bayesian estimation for categorical data, focusing on simple yet effective models that provide a foundation for applying more advanced methods accurately and reliably in real-world applications. We begin by revisiting…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Jan Kalina