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Blockchain technology has emerged as one of the most transformative digital innovations of the 21st century. This paper presents a comprehensive review of blockchain's fundamental architecture, tracing its development from Bitcoin's initial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Aditya Pratap Singh

Governments across the world are testing different uses of the blockchain for the delivery of their public services. Blockchain hashing - or the insertion of data in the blockchain - is one of the potential applications of the blockchain in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Oleksii Konashevych , Marta Poblet

With the introduction of the term blockchain in 2008, its interest has been increasing in the community since the idea was coined. The reason for this interest is because it provides anonymity, security and integrity without any central…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Zuhaib Akhtar

E-voting systems (EVS)are having potential advantages over many existing voting schemes.Security, transparency, accuracy and reliability are the major concern in these systems.EVS continues to grow as the technology advances.It is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-27 Divya G. Nair , V. P. Binu , G. Santhosh Kumar

Blockchain is a novel technology that is rising a lot of interest in the industrial and re- search sectors because its properties of decentralisation, immutability and data integrity. Initially, the underlying consensus mechanism has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Stefano De Angelis

In blockchain systems, especially cryptographic currencies such as Bitcoin, the double-spending and Byzantine-general-like problem are solved by reaching consensus protocols among all nodes. The state-of-the-art protocols include…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Jianwen Chen , Kai Duan , Rumin Zhang , Liaoyuan Zeng , Wenyi Wang

Voting is a primary democratic activity through which voters select representatives or approve policies. Conventional paper ballot elections have several drawbacks that might compromise the fairness, effectiveness, and accessibility of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Vikas Srivastava , Debasish Roy , Sihem Mesnager , Nibedita Kundu , Sumit Kumar Debnath , Sourav Mukhopadhyay

Blockchain (BC), a by-product of Bitcoin cryptocurrency, has gained immense and wide scale popularity for its applicability in various diverse domains - especially in multifaceted non-monetary systems. By adopting cryptographic techniques…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Mahdi H. Miraz , Maaruf Ali

As the use of DevOps practices continues to grow, organizations are seeking ways to improve collaboration, speed up development cycles, and increase security, transparency, and traceability. Blockchain technology has the potential to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Muhammad Shoaib Farooq , Usman Ali

The advent of Bitcoin, and consequently Blockchain, has ushered in a new era of decentralization. Blockchain enables mutually distrusting entities to work collaboratively to attain a common objective. However, current Blockchain…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Seyed Amid Moeinzadeh Mirhosseini , Ali Fanian , T. Aaron Gulliver

The advent of Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies enable IoT and smart city application developers to conceive new types of applications and solutions for identity management, trust, and data monetization. However, architecting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Gowri Sankar Ramachandran , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

In recent years, blockchain technology has been recognized as a transformative innovation in the tech world, and it has quickly become the core infrastructure of digital currencies such as Bitcoin and an important tool in various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mohsen Ghorbian , Mostafa Ghobaei-Arani

Elections are not the only but arguably one of the most important pillars for the proper functioning of liberal democracies. Recent evidence across the globe shows that it is not straightforward to conduct them in a free and fair manner.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Uwe Serdült

This research investigates the potential use of a blockchain-based Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) within an organization and compares it to conventional PKI systems. The goal is to assess the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Julian Springer , Philipp Haindl

Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) provides a decentralized governance solution through blockchain, where decision-making process relies on on-chain voting and follows majority rule. This paper focuses on MakerDAO, and we find…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Xiaotong Sun , Xi Chen , Charalampos Stasinakis , Georgios Sermpinis

In this paper we describe a prototype of a blockchain-in-a-box system which allows users to easily bootstrap the whole Ethereum Proof-of-Work (PoW) network running on multiple Raspberry Pi nodes - an inexpensive modular computers. Users are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Matija Piškorec , Anton Ivashkevich , Said Haji Abukar , Lundrim Azemi , Md Rezuanul Haque , Mostafa Chegenizadeh , Claudio J. Tessone

We introduce blockchains and distributed ledgers and describe their potential applications to money and banking. The analysis compares public and private ledgers and outlines the suitability of various types of ledgers for different…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-03-07 Alexander Lipton

This paper presents an optimal peer-to-peer (P2P) energy transaction mechanism leveraging decentralized blockchain technology to enable a secure and scalable retail electricity market for the increasing penetration of distributed energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-01 Antar Kumar Biswas , Masoud H. Nazari

The registration, transfer, clearing and settlement of equities represents a significant part of economic activity currently underserved by modern technological innovation. In addition, recent events have revealed problems of transparency,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-22 Brent Kievit-Kylar , Chris Horlacher , Marc Godard , Christian Saucier

Blockchain has many benefits including decentralization, availability, persistency, consistency, anonymity, auditability and accountability, and it also covers a wide spectrum of applications ranging from cryptocurrency, financial services,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Quan-Lin Li , Jing-Yu Ma , Yan-Xia Chang