Related papers: Number and phase: complementarity and joint measur…
The notion of incompressible momentum observables is introduced. It is shown that when the metric in a manifold has a certain form, a set of canonically conjugate variables Xk and Pk in which Pk are incompressible, can be constructed. Based…
The content of phase information of an arbitrary phase--sensitive measurement is evaluated using the maximum likelihood estimation. The phase distribution is characterized by the relative entropy--a nonlinear functional of input quantum…
Extraneous motion of optical elements in an interferometer lead to excess noise. Typically, fluctuations in the effective path length lead to phase noise, while beam-pointing leads to apparent amplitude noise. For a transmissive optic…
We investigate the utility of parity detection to achieve Heisenberg-limited phase estimation for optical interferometry. We consider the parity detection with several input states that have been shown to exhibit sub shot-noise…
In this paper we introduce a measure of genuine quantum incompatibility in the estimation task of multiple parameters, that has a geometric character and is backed by a clear operational interpretation. This measure is then applied to some…
The principle of complementarity is quantified in two ways: by a universal uncertainty relation valid for arbitrary joint estimates of any two observables from a given measurement setup, and by a general uncertainty relation valid for…
It is well known that the result of any phase measurement on an optical mode made using linear optics has an introduced uncertainty in addition to the intrinsic quantum phase uncertainty of the state of the mode. The best previously…
Phase estimation, at the heart of many quantum metrology and communication schemes, can be strongly affected by noise, whose amplitude may not be known, or might be subject to drift. Here, we investigate the joint estimation of a phase…
We study Bell inequality tests with entanglement between a coherent-state field in a cavity and a two-level atom. In order to detect the cavity field for such a test, photon on/off measurements and photon number parity measurements,…
We present an improved phase estimation scheme employing entangled coherent states and demon- strate that the states give the smallest variance in the phase parameter in comparison to NOON, BAT and "optimal" states under perfect and lossy…
We derive suitable uncertainty relations for characteristics functions of phase and number variables obtained from the Weyl form of commutation relations. This is applied to finite-dimensional spin- like systems, which is the case when…
We investigate interference of optical fields by examining the probability distribution of photon detection. The usual description of interference patterns in terms of superposition of classical mean fields with definite phases is…
The change of a quantum state can generally only be fully monitored through simultaneous measurements of two non-commuting observables X and Y spanning a phase space. A measurement device that is coupled to the thermal environment provides…
In this paper, we define the phases of a complex sectorial matrix to be its canonical angles, which are uniquely determined from a sectorial decomposition of the matrix. Various properties of matrix phases are studied, including those of…
Precision measurements of optical phases have many applications in science and technology. Entangled multi-photon states have been suggested for performing such measurements with precision that significantly surpasses the shot-noise limit.…
We present a review and discussions on characterizations and quantifications of macroscopic quantum states as well as their implementations and applications in optical systems. We compare and criticize different measures proposed to define…
In early 90's Mandel and coworkers performed an experiment \cite{mandel} to examine the significance of quantum phase operators by measuring the phase between two optical fields. We show that this type of quantum mechanical phase…
One of the most intriguing aspects of Quantum Mechanics is the impossibility of measuring at the same time observables corresponding to non-commuting operators. This impossibility can be partially relaxed when considering joint or…
While characterization of coherent wavefields is essential to laser, x-ray and electron imaging, sensors measure the squared magnitude of the field, rather than the field itself. Holography or phase retrieval must be used to characterize…
We study the correspondence between classical and quantum measurements on a harmonic oscillator that describes a one-mode bosonic field. We connect the quantum measurement of an observable of the field with the possibility of amplifying the…