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This paper reports on the performance of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) as function of the gas flow rate through the chambers and of environmental conditions, such as atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature and air humidity. The chambers…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2010-05-07 Burak Bilki , John Butler , Ed May , Georgios Mavromanolakis , Edwin Norbeck , Jose Repond , David Underwood , Lei Xia , Qingmin Zhang

Gaseous detectors have long been used by particle physics experiments at beamlines or standalone experiments. Recently, their low momentum threshold has made them interesting as active targets for long baseline neutrino experiments. To…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-11-13 Philip Hamacher-Baumann

Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) have traditionally operated with high Global Warming Potential (GWP) gas mixtures, adding to the environmental footprint of large-scale physics experiments. In response, efforts are underway to explore…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-06-23 Aashaq Shah , Thomas Adolphus , Yingchang Zhang , Oleg Brandt

The Gas Gain Monitoring (GGM) system of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) muon detector in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment provides fast and accurate determination of the stability in the working point conditions due to gas…

Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are essential active media of large-scale experiments as part of the muon systems and (semi-)digital hadron calorimeters. Among the several outstanding issues associated with the RPCs, the loss of efficiency…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-07-19 Mehmet Tosun , Burak Bilki , Kutlu Kagan Sahbaz

The phase-out of hydro-fluorocarbons, owing to their high Global Warming Power, affecting the main gas used in Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), tetrafluoroethane C$_2$H$_2$F$_4$, has increased operational difficulties on existing systems…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-03-01 A. Blanco , P. Fonte , L. Lopes , M. Pimenta

We investigate the effective rheology of two-phase flow in a bundle of parallel capillary tubes carrying two immiscible fluids under an external pressure drop. The diameter of each tube varies along its length and the corresponding…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-09-04 Subhadeep Roy , Alex Hansen , Santanu Sinha

The Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) is a gaseous detector; the performance depends very much on the gas mixture as well as the design. MRPCs are used as a timing device in several collider experiments and cosmic ray experiments…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-03-27 Yongwook Baek , Dowon Kim , M. C. S. Williams

The conventional reverse fill/flush flow modulation for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography requires a bleed capillary column to be connected to the outlet of the modulator channel. The purpose of this capillary, that does not…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-02-03 Aleksandra Lelevic

Capillary filling in small length scale is an important process in nanotechnology and microfabrication. When one end of the tube or channel is sealed, it is important to consider the escape of the trapped gas. We develop a dynamic model on…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-01-11 Chen Zhao , Jiajia Zhou , Masao Doi

Guiding of highly charged ions (HCI) through tilted capillaries promises to develop into a tool to efficiently collimate and focus low-energy ion beams to sub-micrometer size. One control parameter to optimize guiding is the residual…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-09-20 G. Kowarik , R. J. Bereczky , F. Ladinig , D. Schrempf , C. Lemell , J. Burgdörfer , K. Tőkési , F. Aumayr

Hypothesis Control of capillary flow through porous media has broad practical implications. However, achieving accurate and reliable control of such processes by tuning the pore size or by modification of interface wettability remains…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-06-08 MingchaoLiu , Si Suo , Jian Wu , Yixiang Gan , DorianAH HanaorcC. Q. Chen

External pressure significantly influences microcirculatory capillary blood flow, yet current studies lack quantitative modeling. This work proposes a nonlinear segmented coupling model between external pressure and capillary flow,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Xinyi Cai , Hanyue Mo , Yuyao Chang , Kun Cheng

The mitigation of human-induced climate change is of crucial importance for the sustainability of humankind. For this aim the RPC community has exerted considerable effort over the last decade to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases from…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-30 L. Lopes P. Assis , A. Blanco , P. Fonte , M. Pimenta

The India-based Neutrino Observatory Project (INO) is a proposed underground high energy physics experiment at Theni, India to study the neutrino oscillation parameters using atmospheric neutrinos. The 50 kton magnetised INO-ICAL detector…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-04-19 Suryanarayan Mondal , V. M. Datar , Gobinda Majumder , N. K. Mondal , K. C. Ravindran , B. Satyanarayana

The India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) collaboration is planning to build a massive 50kton magnetised Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector, to study atmospheric neutrinos and to make precision measurements of the parameters related to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-13 Satyanarayana Bheesette

The phase-out of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), due to their high Global Warming Potential (GWP), affecting the main gas used in Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), tetrafluorethane C2H2F4, has created operational difficulties on existing systems…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-21 A. Blanco , Mário Carvalho , Susete Fetal , Luis Lopes , Telmo Paes , Joana Pinto , Paulo Fonte

We study the low temperature phase equilibria of a fluid confined in an open capillary slit formed by two parallel walls separated by a distance $L$ which are in contact with a reservoir of gas. The top wall of the capillary is of finite…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-10 Alexandr Malijevský , Andrew O. Parry

We study immiscible two-phase flow of a compressible and an incompressible fluid inside a capillary tube of varying radius under steady-state conditions. The incompressible fluid is Newtonian and the compressible fluid is an inviscid ideal…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-07-22 Hyejeong L. Cheon , Hursanay Fyhn , Alex Hansen , Øivind Wilhelmsen , Santanu Sinha

Many samples of current interest in molecular physics and physical chemistry exist in the liquid phase and are vaporized for the use in gas cells, diffuse gas targets or molecular gas jets. For some of these techniques the large sample…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-02-01 K. Fehre , M. Pitzer , F. Trinter , R. Berger , A. Schießer H. Schmidt-Böcking , R. Dörner , M. S. Schöffler