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Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected, finite undirected graph. A set $S \subseteq V$ is said to be a total dominating set of $G$ if every vertex in $V$ is adjacent to some vertex in $S$. The total domination number, $\gamma_{t}(G)$, is the minimum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Jean-Pierre Appel , Gabby Fischberg , Kyle Kelley , Nathan Shank , Eliel Sosis

Let $ G $ be a graph with the vertex set $ V(G) $ and $ S $ be a subset of $ V(G) $. Let $cl(S)$ be the set of vertices built from $S$, by iteratively applying the following propagation rule: if a vertex and all of its neighbors except one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-28 Najibeh Shahbaznejad , Adel P Kazemi , Ignacio M Pelayo

For any graph $G$, the Grundy (or First-Fit) chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $\Gamma(G)$ (also $\chi_{_{\sf FF}}(G)$), is defined as the maximum number of colors used by the First-Fit (greedy) coloring of the vertices of $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Abbas Khaleghi , Manouchehr Zaker

A subset $M$ of the edges of a graph $G$ is a matching if no two edges in $M$ are incident. A maximal matching is a matching that is not contained in a larger matching. A subset $S$ of vertices of a graph $G$ with no isolated vertices is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Selim Bahadır

Let $G$ be a graph. A dominating set $D\subseteq V(G)$ is a super dominating set if for every vertex $x\in V(G) \setminus D$ there exists $y\in D$ such that $N_G(y)\cap (V(G)\setminus D)) = \{x\}$. The cardinality of a smallest super…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-20 Csilla Bujtás , Nima Ghanbari , Sandi Klavžar

A dynamic coloring of the vertices of a graph $G$ starts with an initial subset $S$ of colored vertices, with all remaining vertices being non-colored. At each discrete time interval, a colored vertex with exactly one non-colored neighbor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-18 Randy Davila , Michael Henning

The open neighbourhood of a vertex $v$ of a graph $G$ is the set $N(v)$ consisting of all vertices adjacent to $v$ in $G$. For $D\subseteq V(G)$, we define $\overline{D}=V(G)\setminus D$. A set $D\subseteq V(G)$ is called a super dominating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Douglas J. Klein , Juan A. Rodríguez-Velázquez , Eunjeong Yi

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. A subset $D\subseteq V$ is a dominating set if every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$. The domination number of $G$, denoted by $\gamma(G)$, is the smallest cardinality of a dominating set of $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-13 Fu-Tao Hu , Moo Young Sohn

A vertex subset $S$ in a graph $G$ is a dominating set if every vertex not contained in $S$ has a neighbor in $S$. A dominating set $S$ is a connected dominating set if the subgraph $G[S]$ induced by $S$ is connected. A connected dominating…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-04 Daniel Lokshtanov , Michał Pilipczuk , Saket Saurabh

A semitotal dominating set of a graph $G$ with no isolated vertex is a dominating set $D$ of $G$ such that every vertex in $D$ is within distance two of another vertex in $D$. The minimum size $\gamma_{t2}(G)$ of a semitotal dominating set…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Esther Galby , Andrea Munaro , Bernard Ries

Let $G$ be a simple graph whose vertices are partitioned into two subsets, called filled vertices and empty vertices. A vertex $v$ is said to be forced by a filled vertex $u$ if $v$ is a unique empty neighbor of $u$. If we can fill all the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-02 Yaroslav Shitov

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph with no isolated vertices. A vertex $v$ totally dominate a vertex $w$ ($w \ne v$), if $v$ is adjacent to $w$. A set $D \subseteq V$ called a total dominating set of $G$ if every vertex $v\in V$ is totally dominated…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Michael A. Henning , Kusum , Arti Pandey , Kaustav Paul

The study of power domination in graphs arises from the problem of placing a minimum number of measurement devices in an electrical network while monitoring the entire network. A power dominating set of a graph is a set of vertices from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-08 Boris Brimkov , Derek Mikesell , Logan Smith

The neighbourhood of a vertex $v$ of a graph $G$ is the set $N(v)$ of all vertices adjacent to $v$ in $G$. For $D\subseteq V(G)$ we define $\overline{D}=V(G)\setminus D$. A set $D\subseteq V(G)$ is called a super dominating set if for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-20 M. Dettlaff , M. Lemańska , J. A. Rodríguez-Velázquez , R. Zuazua

A total dominating set of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a subset $D$ of $V$ such that every vertex in $V$ is adjacent to at least one vertex in $D$. The total domination number of $G$, denoted by $\gamma _t (G)$, is the minimum cardinality of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-09 M. Claverol , A. García , G. Hernández , C. Hernando , M. Maureso , M. Mora , J. Tejel

A dominating set of a graph $G$ is a set $S \subseteq V(G)$ such that every vertex in $V(G) \setminus S$ has a neighbor in $S$, where two vertices are neighbors if they are adjacent. A secure dominating set of $G$ is a dominating set $S$ of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Uttam K. Gupta , Michael A. Henning , Paras Vinubhai Maniya , Dinabandhu Pradhan

A sequence of vertices in a graph is called a \emph{(total) legal dominating sequence} if every vertex in the sequence (total) dominates at least one vertex not dominated by those ones that precede it, and at the end all vertices of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Manoel Campêlo , Daniel Severín

Given a graph $G$, a dominating set of $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices such that each vertex not in $S$ has a neighbor in $S$. The domination number of $G$, denoted $\gamma(G)$, is the minimum size of a dominating set of $G$. The independent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-02 Eun-Kyung Cho , Ilkyoo Choi , Boram Park

In this paper, we explore the concept of total bondage in finite graphs without isolated vertices. A vertex set $D$ is considered a total dominating set if every vertex $v$ in the graph $G$ has a neighbor in $D$. The minimum cardinality of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-31 E. G. K. M. Gamlath , Bing Wei

A subset $S$ of initially infected vertices of a graph $G$ is called forcing if we can infect the entire graph by iteratively applying the following process. At each step, any infected vertex which has a unique uninfected neighbour, infects…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Thomas Kalinowski , Nina Kamčev , Benny Sudakov