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Automatic verification deals with the validation by means of computers of correctness certificates. The related tools, usually called proof assistants or interactive provers, provide an interactive environment for the creation of formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Andrea Asperti

Interactive theorem provers have been used extensively to reason about various software/hardware systems and mathematical theorems. The key challenge when using an interactive prover is finding a suitable sequence of proof steps that will…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-05-15 Thomas Gransden , Neil Walkinshaw , Rajeev Raman

We present Prover Agent, a novel AI agent for automated theorem proving that integrates large language models (LLMs) with a formal proof assistant, Lean. Prover Agent coordinates an informal reasoning LLM, a formal prover model, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Kaito Baba , Chaoran Liu , Shuhei Kurita , Akiyoshi Sannai

Dependently-typed proof assistants furnish expressive foundations for mechanised mathematics and verified software. However, automation for these systems has been either modest in scope or complex in implementation. We aim to improve the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Artjoms Šinkarovs , Michael Rawson

We present Cobra, a modern proof presentation framework, leveraging cutting-edge presentation technology together with a state of the art interactive theorem prover to present formalized mathematics as active documents. Cobra provides both…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-26 Martin Ring , Christoph Lüth

Mathematical theorems are human knowledge able to be accumulated in the form of symbolic representation, and proving theorems has been considered intelligent behavior. Based on the BHK interpretation and the Curry-Howard isomorphism, proof…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Li-An Yang , Jui-Pin Liu , Chao-Hong Chen , Ying-ping Chen

This paper presents BEval, an extension of Atelier B to improve automation in the verification activities in the B method or Event-B. It combines a tool for managing and verifying software projects (Atelier B) and a model checker/animator…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Valério Medeiros , David Déharbe

Among formal methods, the deductive verification approach allows establishing the strongest possible formal guarantees on critical software. The downside is the cost in terms of human effort required to design adequate formal specifications…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Sylvain Dailler , Claude Marché , Yannick Moy

In logical reasoning, it is often the case that only some of a collection of assumptions are needed to reach a conclusion. A strengthening lemma is an assertion that a given conclusion is independent in this sense of a particular…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Dawn Michaelson

Proof automation is crucial to large-scale formal mathematics and software/hardware verification projects in ITPs. Sophisticated tools called hammers have been developed to provide general-purpose proof automation in ITPs such as Coq and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yicheng Qian , Joshua Clune , Clark Barrett , Jeremy Avigad

Despite the recent progress in automatic theorem provers, proof engineers are still suffering from the lack of powerful proof automation. In this position paper we first report our proof strategy language based on a meta-tool approach.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Yutaka Nagashima

{log} ('setlog') is a satisfiability solver for formulas of the theory of finite sets and finite set relation algebra (FSTRA). As such, it can be used as an automated theorem prover (ATP) for this theory. {log} is able to automatically…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Maximiliano Cristiá , Ricardo D. Katz , Gianfranco Rossi

In mathematics, it is common practice to have several constructions for the same objects. Mathematicians will identify them modulo isomorphism and will not worry later on which construction they use, as theorems proved for one construction…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-10 Théo Zimmermann , Hugo Herbelin

The Abella interactive theorem prover has proven to be an effective vehicle for reasoning about relational specifications. However, the system has a limitation that arises from the fact that it is based on a simply typed logic:…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Gopalan Nadathur , Yuting Wang

Automated theorem provers and formal proof assistants are general reasoning systems that are in theory capable of proving arbitrarily hard theorems, thus solving arbitrary problems reducible to mathematics and logical reasoning. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Lasse Blaauwbroek , David Cerna , Thibault Gauthier , Jan Jakubův , Cezary Kaliszyk , Martin Suda , Josef Urban

We present Ax-Prover, a multi-agent system for automated theorem proving in Lean that can solve problems across diverse scientific domains and operate either autonomously or collaboratively with human experts. To achieve this, Ax-Prover…

Undergraduate students of artificial intelligence often struggle with representing knowledge as logical sentences. This is a skill that seems to require extensive practice to obtain, suggesting a teaching strategy that involves the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-07-15 Angelo Kyrilov , David Noelle

Interactive proof assistants are computer programs carefully constructed to check a human-designed proof of a mathematical claim with high confidence in the implementation. However, this only validates truth of a formal claim, which may…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Colin S. Gordon , Sergey Matskevich

This paper describes SEPIA, a tool for automated proof generation in Coq. SEPIA combines model inference with interactive theorem proving. Existing proof corpora are modelled using state-based models inferred from tactic sequences. These…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-06-01 Thomas Gransden , Neil Walkinshaw , Rajeev Raman

Interactive Theorem Provers (ITPs) are an indispensable tool in the arsenal of formal method experts as a platform for construction and (formal) verification of proofs. The complexity of the proofs in conjunction with the level of expertise…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Eric Yeh , Briland Hitaj , Sam Owre , Maena Quemener , Natarajan Shankar
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