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Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ and size $m$ and let $k\geq 1$ be an integer. A $k$-tuple total dominating set in $G$ is called a $k$-tuple total restrained dominating set of $G$ if each vertex $x\in V(G)-S$ is adjacent to at least $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Adel P. Kazemi

In this paper we compare the brushing number of a graph with the zero-forcing number of its line graph. We prove that the zero-forcing number of the line graph is an upper bound for the brushing number by constructing a brush configuration…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Aras Erzurumluoglu , David Pike , Karen Meagher

This paper introduces the concept of domination in the context of colored graphs (where each color assigns a weight to the vertices of its class), termed up-color domination, where a vertex dominating another must be heavier than the other.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-12 María A. Garrido-Vizuete , Mucuy-kak Guevara , Alberto Márquez , Rafael Robles

Zero forcing is a combinatorial game played on graphs that can be used to model the spread of information with repeated applications of a color change rule. In general, a zero forcing parameter is the minimum number of initial blue vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-01 Joshua Carlson , John Petrucci

Let $G$ be a simple, finite, and undirected graph with vertices each given an initial coloring of either blue or white. Zero forcing on graph $G$ is an iterative process of forcing its white vertices to become blue after a finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-11 Ma. Nerissa M. Abara , Prince Allan B. Pelayo

Zero forcing is a combinatorial game played on a graph where the goal is to start with all vertices unfilled and to change them to filled at minimal cost. In the original variation of the game there were two options. Namely, to fill any one…

The \emph{zero forcing number} $Z(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a set $S$ of black vertices (whereas vertices in $V(G)\setminusS$ are colored white) such that $V(G)$ is turned black after finitely many applications of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-20 Cong X. Kang , Eunjeong Yi

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. A subset $D\subseteq V$ is a dominating set if every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$. A dominating set $D$ is called a total dominating set if every vertex in $D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-09-09 Fu-Tao Hu , Jun-Ming Xu

Generalizing work on graphs, Chang and Roussel introduced $k$-power domination in hypergraphs and conjectured the upper bound for the $k$-power domination number for $r$-uniform hypergraphs on $n$ vertices was $\frac{n}{r+k}$. This upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-03 Joseph S. Alameda , Franklin Kenter , Karen Meagher , Michael Young

This paper surveys results about token addition and removal (TAR) reconfiguration for several well-known vertex set parameters including domination, power domination, standard zero forcing, and PSD zero forcing. We also expand the range of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Bryan A. Curtis , Mary Flagg , Leslie Hogben

Power domination in graphs emerged from the problem of monitoring an electrical system by placing as few measurement devices in the system as possible. It corresponds to a variant of domination that includes the possibility of propagation.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Paul Dorbec , Antonio González , Claire Pennarun

Closed monopolies in graphs have a quite long range of applications in several problems related to overcoming failures, since they frequently have some common approaches around the notion of majorities, for instance to consensus problems,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Dorota Kuziak , Iztok Peterin , Ismael G. Yero

We consider two different problem families that deal with domination in graphs. On the one hand, we focus on dominating sequences. In such a sequence, every vertex dominates some vertex of the graph that was not dominated by any earlier…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Robert Scheffler

A set $D$ of vertices in a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a degree restricted dominating set for $G$ if each vertex $v_i$ in $D$ is dominating atmost $g(d_i)$ vertices of $V-D$, where $g$ is a function restricting the degree value $d_i$ with respect to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-30 Shyam S. Kamath , Nithya Muraleedharan

We study k-dependence and half domination problems for king's graphs in dimension n (n>1). Various sharp bounds are provided and a few conjectures are formulated in the cases the estimates are not the best possible.

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Eugen J. Ionascu , Dan Pritikin , Stephen E. Wright

Vertex leaky forcing was recently introduced as a new variation of zero forcing in order to show how vertex leaks can disrupt the zero forcing process in a graph. An edge leak is an edge that is not allowed to be forced across during the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Joseph S. Alameda , Juergen Kritschgau , Michael Young

There are profound relations between the zero forcing number and minimum rank of a graph. We study the relation of both parameters with a third one, the algebraic co-rank; that is defined as the largest $i$ such that the $i$-th critical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-11 Carlos A. Alfaro , Jephian C. -H. Lin

Let $ G $ be a graph with the vertex set $ V(G) $ and $ S $ be a subset of $ V(G) $. Let $cl(S)$ be the set of vertices built from $S$, by iteratively applying the following propagation rule: if a vertex and all of its neighbors except one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-28 Najibeh Shahbaznejad , Adel P Kazemi , Ignacio M Pelayo

This note deals with the relationship between the total number of $k$-walks in a graph, and the sum of the $k$-th powers of its vertex degrees. In particular, it is shown that the the number of all $k$-walks is upper bounded by the sum of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-06 M. A. Fiol , E. Garriga

Let ${\rm Z}(G)$ and ${\rm gp}(G)$ be the zero forcing number and the general position number of a graph $G$, respectively. Known results imply that ${\rm gp}(T)\ge {\rm Z}(T) + 1$ holds for every nontrivial tree $T$. It is proved that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Hongbo Hua , Xinying Hua , Sandi Klavžar
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