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The covariance graph (aka bi-directed graph) of a probability distribution $p$ is the undirected graph $G$ where two nodes are adjacent iff their corresponding random variables are marginally dependent in $p$. In this paper, we present a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-06-27 Jose M. Peña

A covariance graph is an undirected graph associated with a multivariate probability distribution of a given random vector where each vertex represents each of the different components of the random vector and where the absence of an edge…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-15 Dhafer Malouche , Bala Rajaratnam

Graphical models use graphs to represent conditional independence structure in the distribution of a random vector. In stochastic processes, graphs may represent so-called local independence or conditional Granger causality. Under some…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-24 Søren Wengel Mogensen

Probabilistic dependency graphs (PDGs) are a flexible class of probabilistic graphical models, subsuming Bayesian Networks and Factor Graphs. They can also capture inconsistent beliefs, and provide a way of measuring the degree of this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Oliver E. Richardson , Joseph Y. Halpern , Christopher De Sa

This paper deals with chain graphs under the Andersson-Madigan-Perlman (AMP) interpretation. In particular, we present a constraint based algorithm for learning an AMP chain graph a given probability distribution is faithful to. Moreover,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-20 Jose M. Peña

In reliable decision-making systems based on machine learning, models have to be robust to distributional shifts or provide the uncertainty of their predictions. In node-level problems of graph learning, distributional shifts can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Gleb Bazhenov , Denis Kuznedelev , Andrey Malinin , Artem Babenko , Liudmila Prokhorenkova

Knowing when a graphical model is perfect to a distribution is essential in order to relate separation in the graph to conditional independence in the distribution, and this is particularly important when performing inference from data.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-06 Arash A. Amini , Bryon Aragam , Qing Zhou

Faithfulness is the foundation of probability distribution and graph in causal discovery and causal inference. In this paper, several unfaithful probability distribution examples are constructed in three--vertices binary causality directed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-31 Jingwei Liu

Various models to quantify the reliability of a network have been studied where certain components of the graph may fail at random and the probability that the remaining graph is connected is the proxy for reliability. In this work we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Maimoonah Ahmed , Ben Cameron

As Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) become more pervasive, it becomes paramount to build reliable tools for explaining their predictions. A core desideratum is that explanations are \textit{faithful}, \ie that they portray an accurate picture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Steve Azzolin , Antonio Longa , Stefano Teso , Andrea Passerini

This work addresses the following question: Under what assumptions on the data generating process can one infer the causal graph from the joint distribution? The approach taken by conditional independence-based causal discovery methods is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Jonas Peters , Joris Mooij , Dominik Janzing , Bernhard Schoelkopf

Ordered sequences of univariate or multivariate regressions provide statistical models for analysing data from randomized, possibly sequential interventions, from cohort or multi-wave panel studies, but also from cross-sectional or…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-19 Nanny Wermuth , Kayvan Sadeghi

Graphical models have proven to be powerful tools for representing high-dimensional systems of random variables. One example of such a model is the undirected graph, in which lack of an edge represents conditional independence between two…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-11 Dhafer Malouche , Bala Rajaratnam , Benjamin T. Rolfs

Gaussian graphical models are a popular tool to learn the dependence structure in the form of a graph among variables of interest. Bayesian methods have gained in popularity in the last two decades due to their ability to simultaneously…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-02 Yabo Niu , Debdeep Pati , Bani Mallick

The concepts of faithfulness and strong-faithfulness are important for statistical learning of graphical models. Graphs are not sufficient for describing the association structure of a discrete distribution. Hypergraphs representing…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-26 Anna Klimova , Caroline Uhler , Tamas Rudas

The theory of dependency graphs is a powerful toolbox to prove asymptotic normality of sums of random variables. In this article, we introduce a more general notion of weighted dependency graphs and give normality criteria in this context.…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Valentin Féray

Connections between structural graph theory and finite model theory recently gained a lot of attention. In this setting, many interesting questions remain on the properties of dependent (NIP) hereditary classes of graphs, in particular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Hector Buffière , Patrice Ossona de Mendez

Graphical causal models are an important tool for knowledge discovery because they can represent both the causal relations between variables and the multivariate probability distributions over the data. Once learned, causal graphs can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Andrew J Sedgewick , Joseph D. Ramsey , Peter Spirtes , Clark Glymour , Panayiotis V. Benos

A set of independence statements may define the independence structure of interest in a family of joint probability distributions. This structure is often captured by a graph that consists of nodes representing the random variables and of…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-07-15 Nanny Wermuth

We study conditional independence relationships for random networks and their interplay with exchangeability. We show that, for finitely exchangeable network models, the empirical subgraph densities are maximum likelihood estimates of their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-22 Steffen Lauritzen , Alessandro Rinaldo , Kayvan Sadeghi
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