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Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global machine learning model without sharing their raw data. However, the decentralized nature of FL introduces vulnerabilities, particularly to poisoning attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhihao Dou , Jiaqi Wang , Wei Sun , Zhuqing Liu , Minghong Fang

The rising use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to create and disseminate malware poses a significant cybersecurity challenge due to their ability to generate and distribute attacks with ease. A single prompt can initiate a wide array of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jamal Al-Karaki , Muhammad Al-Zafar Khan , Marwan Omar

The emergence of online services in our daily lives has been accompanied by a range of malicious attempts to trick individuals into performing undesired actions, often to the benefit of the adversary. The most popular medium of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Lukas Halgas , Ioannis Agrafiotis , Jason R. C. Nurse

Web-based phishing attacks nowadays exploit popular cloud web hosting services and apps such as Google Sites and Typeform for hosting their attacks. Since these attacks originate from reputable domains and IP addresses of the cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Birendra Jha , Medha Atre , Ashwini Rao

Cybersecurity research involves publishing papers about malicious exploits as much as publishing information on how to design tools to protect cyber-infrastructure. It is this information exchange between ethical hackers and security…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Federico Pistono , Roman V. Yampolskiy

To combat phishing attacks -- aimed at luring web users to divulge their sensitive information -- various phishing detection approaches have been proposed. As attackers focus on devising new tactics to bypass existing detection solutions,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Aditya Kulkarni , Shahil Manishbhai Patel , Shivam Pradip Tirmare , Vivek Balachandran , Tamal Das

Different types of malicious activities have been flagged in multiple permissionless blockchains such as bitcoin, Ethereum etc. While some malicious activities exploit vulnerabilities in the infrastructure of the blockchain, some target its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Rachit Agarwal , Tanmay Thapliyal , Sandeep K. Shukla

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a core Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. It is a distributed database and protocol with many known weaknesses that subject to countless attacks including spoofing attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Alshaima Almarzooqi , Jawahir Mahmoud , Bayena Alzaabi , Arsiema Ghebremichael , Monther Aldwairi

Recently, advances in deep learning have been observed in various fields, including computer vision, natural language processing, and cybersecurity. Machine learning (ML) has demonstrated its ability as a potential tool for anomaly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-31 D'Jeff Kanda Nkashama , Arian Soltani , Jean-Charles Verdier , Marc Frappier , Pierre-Martin Tardif , Froduald Kabanza

Malicious URL classification represents a crucial aspect of cyber security. Although existing work comprises numerous machine learning and deep learning-based URL classification models, most suffer from generalisation and domain-adaptation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Fariza Rashid , Nishavi Ranaweera , Ben Doyle , Suranga Seneviratne

Online Social Networks (OSNs) witness a rise in user activity whenever an event takes place. Malicious entities exploit this spur in user-engagement levels to spread malicious content that compromises system reputation and degrades user…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-01-06 Prateek Dewan , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

With the rapid growth of the number of devices on the Internet, malware poses a threat not only to the affected devices but also their ability to use said devices to launch attacks on the Internet ecosystem. Rapid malware classification is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Hikmat Farhat , Veronica Rammouz

Cybercrimes such as online scams and fraud have become prevalent. Cybercriminals often abuse various global or regional events as themes of their fraudulent activities to breach user trust and attain a higher attack success rate. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Maraz Mia , Mir Mehedi A. Pritom , Tariqul Islam , Shouhuai Xu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced the capabilities of AI-Powered Search Engines (AIPSEs), offering precise and efficient responses by integrating external databases with pre-existing knowledge.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Zeren Luo , Zifan Peng , Yule Liu , Zhen Sun , Mingchen Li , Jingyi Zheng , Xinlei He

Phishing is a major problem on the Web. Despite the significant attention it has received over the years, there has been no definitive solution. While the state-of-the-art solutions have reasonably good performance, they require a large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Samuel Marchal , Kalle Saari , Nidhi Singh , N. Asokan

Malware is a significant threat to the security of computer systems and networks which requires sophisticated techniques to analyze the behavior and functionality for detection. Traditional signature-based malware detection methods have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Shaswata Mitra , Stephen A. Torri , Sudip Mittal

Phishing emails continue to pose a significant threat, causing financial losses and security breaches. This study addresses limitations in existing research, such as reliance on proprietary datasets and lack of real-world application, by…

The cyber-threat landscape has evolved tremendously in recent years, with new threat variants emerging daily, and large-scale coordinated campaigns becoming more prevalent. In this study, we propose CELEST (CollaborativE LEarning for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Talha Ongun , Simona Boboila , Alina Oprea , Tina Eliassi-Rad , Jason Hiser , Jack Davidson

Backdoor attack intends to embed hidden backdoor into deep neural networks (DNNs), so that the attacked models perform well on benign samples, whereas their predictions will be maliciously changed if the hidden backdoor is activated by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Yiming Li , Yong Jiang , Zhifeng Li , Shu-Tao Xia

Protecting and preventing sensitive data from being used inappropriately has become a challenging task. Even a small mistake in securing data can be exploited by phishing attacks to release private information such as passwords or financial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Luke Barlow , Gueltoum Bendiaby , Stavros Shiaelesy , Nick Savage